Recognition of the Components of the Social Base and Its Relation with the Tendency to the Homelessness in Tehran

Abstract

Short Abstract The major aim of the current study was on confirmed hypothesis in the previously conducted studies: the re lationship between the social status and the tendency to homelessness among homeless people in Tehran. Mixed methods research design was used to collect data. In the quantitative part of the study, the survey method was used, and the data were collected by researcher-made questionnaire. In this section, the participants con sisted of 12048 people. According to Cochran formula, 372 individuals were selected using a random sampling method. In the qualitative part of the research, the data were collected through interviewing 34 homeless people. The results of the survey in quantitative and quantitative section showed that the relationship between the home less and the social base was not significant at 95% con fidence level. Subsequently, based on the collected data, three social bases of high, medium, and low social were distinguished from one another, with a relationship be tween the orientation towards the low and moderate social base and homelessness in the 95% confidence level. Thus, the components of the social base and its role in the orientation to the homelessness and the findings of interview with the subjects showed that in the lower so cial base, immigration and marginalization, presence in dangerous situations increased. At the top of the social base, the diversity of leisure opportunities also increases the chance of being in high-risk situations, leading to ad diction and homelessness. Abstract Introduction: The existing presumption among sociologists, the existence of the relationship between the low economic classes and the social status, and the de gree of tendency to social deviations express the tendency towards the confliction ism paradigm in this branch of Sociology. Since the researcher has encountered violations of this proposition in his studies as regards homelessness, the major aim of the current study was decided to be based on confirmed hypothesis in the previously conducted studies; the relationship between the social status and the tendency to homelessness- among homeless people in Tehran. This hypothesis has been confirmed among a large statistical community of homeless people, but observations show that if the components of the social base are identified on the basis of life opportunities, this concept can be redefined. Redefining concepts that affect social transformations can change the results deriving out of the collected data. Therefore, after integrating existing theories, the researcher measured the social base by finding the relationships between and among the various compo -nents. Then the relationship between the components and the homeless people was measured. Method: The research method was a combination method consisting of quantita tive and qualitative methods. The sequential combination was based on hypothesis testing in the quantitative section and exploratory response to the research ques tion in the qualitative section. Contrastive theories and the theory of the Mead from the school of symbolic reciprocity were chosen as the theoretical framework of this research and the main hypothesis of the paper was developed based on the deductive approach. In the first step, the hypothesis of the effect of low social base on the tendency towards social deviations was tested in this study. In the quantita tive part of the study, the survey method was used and the data were collected by researcher-made questionnaire. In this section, the participants consisted of 12048 people. According to Cochran formula, 372 individuals were sampled and a ran-98