First Report of a Wide Distribution of Glyphosate-Resistant Compact Brome (Bromus madritensis) in the Iberian Peninsula: Confirmation and Field Management

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY

Weed Science Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI:10.1017/wsc.2023.9

J. G. Vázquez-García, P. Castro, A. Royo‐Esnal, Candelario Palma-Bautista, J. Torra, R. de Prado

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract Glyphosate resistance is spreading in Spain and Portugal due to excessive herbicide use, in both annual and perennial crops. Compact brome (Bromus madritensis L.) is increasing in frequency in these different cropping systems when under conservation agriculture, particularly when glyphosate fails to control it. Fourteen populations from different areas in the Iberian Peninsula were confirmed as being B. madritensis using simple sequence repeat markers and clearly separated from the closely related species red brome (Bromus rubens L.) and ripgut brome (Bromus diandrus Roth). Six B. madritensis populations were classified as resistant, according to both their shikimic acid accumulation levels and their resistance factors based on LD50 or GR50 (values between 4 and 8). Populations with higher resistance factors also showed lower shikimic acid concentrations. Moreover, these resistant populations were able to survive the minimum registered dose for glyphosate in Spain in perennial crops (1,080 g ae ha–1, five populations) or in arable crops before seeding for annual weeds (540 g ae ha–1, one population), under both greenhouse and field conditions. The trials carried out in a glyphosate-resistant field during 2 consecutive years showed that acceptable control (≥90%) was only consistently achieved 90 d after application for preemergence treatment with flazasulfuron in a tank mix with glyphosate, while control with postemergence treatments, such as propaquizafop plus glyphosate, was below 80%. This research describes the first herbicide-resistance report for the weed species B. madritensis, confirming the presence of glyphosate-resistant populations mainly in perennial cropping systems but also in winter cereals from Spain. Due to the limited chemical tools to manage these populations, there is an urgent need for farmers to implement integrated weed management strategies.

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伊比利亚半岛广泛分布抗草甘膦紧凑型溴（Bromus madritensis）的首次报告：确认和田间管理

摘要草甘膦耐药性正在西班牙和葡萄牙蔓延，原因是在一年生和多年生作物中过量使用除草剂。在保护性农业下，紧凑型溴化物（Bromus madritensis L.）在这些不同的种植系统中的频率越来越高，尤其是当草甘膦无法控制时。使用简单序列重复标记，来自伊比利亚半岛不同地区的14个种群被确认为马德里氏B.madritensis，并与亲缘关系密切的红雀麦（Bromus rubens L.）和里普古特雀麦（Bromus diandrus Roth）明显分离。根据其莽草酸积累水平和基于LD50或GR50的抗性因子（值在4-8之间），将6个马德里氏杆菌种群归类为抗性。具有较高抗性因子的群体也表现出较低的莽草酸浓度。此外，在西班牙，在温室和田间条件下，这些抗性群体能够在多年生作物（1080 g ae ha–1，5个群体）或可耕地作物中存活草甘膦的最低注册剂量，然后播种一年生杂草（540 g ae ha-1，1个群体）。连续2年在抗草甘膦田地中进行的试验表明，在与草甘膦混合的罐中应用flazasulfuron进行出苗前处理后90天，才始终达到可接受的控制（≥90%），而采用出苗后处理（如原奎福加草甘膦）的控制低于80%。这项研究描述了第一份针对马德里氏B.madritensis杂草的除草剂抗性报告，证实了草甘膦抗性种群主要存在于多年生种植系统中，也存在于西班牙的冬季谷物中。由于管理这些种群的化学工具有限，农民迫切需要实施综合杂草管理战略。

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来源期刊

Weed Science 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

12.00%

发文量

审稿时长

12-24 weeks

期刊介绍： Weed Science publishes original research and scholarship in the form of peer-reviewed articles focused on fundamental research directly related to all aspects of weed science in agricultural systems. Topics for Weed Science include: - the biology and ecology of weeds in agricultural, forestry, aquatic, turf, recreational, rights-of-way and other settings, genetics of weeds - herbicide resistance, chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and molecular action of herbicides and plant growth regulators used to manage undesirable vegetation - ecology of cropping and other agricultural systems as they relate to weed management - biological and ecological aspects of weed control tools including biological agents, and herbicide resistant crops - effect of weed management on soil, air and water.