The importance of topography in the occurrence of glacial valleys in Belarus

Michail E. Komarovskiy
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The relief of the ice-sheet bed predetermines the location of the valleys both in vast regions and in local, relatively limited areas. The influence of the relief in a large region on the formation of valleys occurs in lowland, more dissected northern and western regions of Belarus. Here, the bedrock relief plays a key role in appearance the hollow-like Vidzovsky, Polotsk and Surazh glacial erosion depressions and in isolation of the elevations separating them. The distribution of these largest forms of glacial erosion is associated with the regional picture of the glacial ice flow in topographic depressions, increased erosion of the ice bed, which developed under the glacial streams and lobes of the Scandinavian ice sheet. The degree and character of the relief dissection, the size, surface slope and orientation of the depressions, river paleo-valleys, elevations, and escarps had a leading role in the location of valleys in local, relatively limited areas. Their significance for the formation of valleys was to determine the local picture of the glacial flow and the areas where stresses were concentrated at the bed and glacial erosion intensified. The formation of tunnel valleys was possible in depressions and in the dissected relief of the glacial bed, which contributed to the accumulation of meltwater, the formation of subglacial lakes, as well as the concentration of meltwater in the subglacial channels.
地形在白俄罗斯冰川谷形成中的重要性
冰原床的起伏预先决定了广大地区和局部、相对有限地区的山谷位置。在白俄罗斯北部和西部的低地地区,地形起伏对山谷形成的影响较大。在这里,基岩起伏在中空的维佐夫斯基、波洛茨克和苏拉日冰川侵蚀洼地的外观上起着关键作用,并与分隔它们的海拔高度隔绝。这些最大形式的冰川侵蚀的分布与地形洼地的冰川冰流的区域图景有关,这增加了冰床的侵蚀,在斯堪的纳维亚冰盖的冰川流和裂片下发展。在局部相对有限的区域内,地形解剖的程度和特征、坳陷、河流古河谷、高程和陡崖的大小、表面坡度和方向对河谷的位置起主导作用。它们对山谷形成的意义在于确定冰川流动的局部图像以及应力集中在河床和冰川侵蚀加剧的区域。在洼地和冰川床的断层中可能形成隧道谷,这有助于融水的积累,冰下湖泊的形成,以及融水在冰下河道中的集中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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