To what degree do situational influences explain spontaneous helping behaviour? A meta-analysis

IF 12.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

ACS Central Science Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI:10.1080/10463283.2017.1367529

G. Tyler Lefevor, B. Fowers, Soyeon Ahn, Samantha F. Lang, Laura M. Cohen

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引用次数: 24

Abstract

ABSTRACT Prosocial behaviour is an interdisciplinary topic, involving psychologists, philosophers, and educators. Based on experimental helping research, some moral philosophers have claimed that helping behaviour is entirely situationally determined. The dominance of situational factor experimentation gives the appearance that situational factors alone can explain helping behaviour. This meta-analysis investigated situational explanations of helping behaviour with 286 effects and 46,705 participants from experimental studies with non-manipulation control groups, and observed unilateral adult behavioural helping. Results indicated expected group differences in helping behaviour frequency among help encouraging or help discouraging experimental conditions and no-manipulation control conditions. Helping behaviour was also frequent in help discouraging and control conditions and far from universal in help encouraging conditions. Because helping occurred in control groups, situational factors cannot explain all observed helping. Because helping was not universal in help encouraging conditions, it raises the question of individual differences in responsiveness to helping cues.

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情境影响在多大程度上解释了自发的帮助行为？荟萃分析

亲社会行为是一个跨学科的话题，涉及心理学家、哲学家和教育工作者。基于实验性的帮助研究，一些道德哲学家声称帮助行为完全是由情境决定的。情境因素实验的主导地位表明，情境因素可以单独解释帮助行为。这项荟萃分析调查了非操纵对照组实验研究中286种效果和46705名参与者对帮助行为的情境解释，并观察了单侧成人行为帮助。结果表明，在有助于鼓励或有助于劝阻的实验条件和无操纵控制条件下，帮助行为频率的预期组间差异。帮助行为在帮助劝阻和控制条件下也很常见，而在帮助鼓励条件下远未普遍存在。由于帮助发生在对照组，情境因素不能解释所有观察到的帮助。由于帮助在鼓励帮助的条件下并不普遍，这就提出了个体对帮助线索反应能力的差异问题。

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来源期刊

ACS Central Science Chemical Engineering-General Chemical Engineering

CiteScore

25.50

自引率

0.50%

发文量

194

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： ACS Central Science publishes significant primary reports on research in chemistry and allied fields where chemical approaches are pivotal. As the first fully open-access journal by the American Chemical Society, it covers compelling and important contributions to the broad chemistry and scientific community. "Central science," a term popularized nearly 40 years ago, emphasizes chemistry's central role in connecting physical and life sciences, and fundamental sciences with applied disciplines like medicine and engineering. The journal focuses on exceptional quality articles, addressing advances in fundamental chemistry and interdisciplinary research.