Beta-3 Adrenoreceptor: Boon or Bane in Heart Failure?

Abstract

Inclusion criteria We included published studies on humans, review articles, and experimental studies in human tissues published in PubMed, MEDLINE, Herdin, and Cochrane which discussed the effects ABSTRACT Background: In a recent publication, four beta blockers—Metoprolol, Carvedilol, Bisoprolol, and Nebivolol have shown good effects in heart failure. Published studies on the role of beta-3 receptor (B3AR) agonism over the past 3 decades had conflicting results. Recent experimental studies described its role in coupling mechanisms with nitric oxide, offering protection in damaged cardiac myocytes.