Antifungal agents: Polyene, azole, antimetabolite, other and future agents

Abstract

Antifungals have always been considered as one of the astonishing discoveries of the 20th century. This is correct, but the real marvel is the development of antifungal resistance in hospitals, communities, and the environment concomitant with their use. Fungal infections have emerged as an important clinical threat, with significant associated morbidity and mortality.  This study is designed to provide a comprehensive view of antifungal agents and related agents. Information was based on the expertise of some literatures. Over the past decades, the incidence and diversity of fungal infection has grown in association with an increasing number of immunocompromised patients. An understanding of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties of the classes of antifungal compounds is vital for the effective management of invasive fungal infections. This review provides a summary of the pharmacologic principles involved in treatment of fungal diseases.  Clinical needs for novel antifungal agents have altered steadily with the rise and fall of AIDS-related mycoses, and the change in spectrum of fatal disseminated fungal infections that has accompanied change in therapeutic immunosuppressive therapies.