Comparison of the Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet with a Low-Fat Diet on Anthropometric Indices and Body Fat Percentage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Q4 Medicine

Journal of Nutrition and Food Security Pub Date : 2023-07-30 DOI:10.18502/jnfs.v8i3.13297

Mina Darand, S. Hassanizadeh, S. Talebi, Zahra Darabi, M. Bagherniya, Fatemeh Yaghoubi, S. Alizadeh, Zeinab Darand, Yasaman Azamian, H. Abdollahzad

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Abstract

Background: Although many studies have been conducted to compare the effect of adherence to a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) with a low-fat diet (LFD) on anthropometric indices and body fat percentage, there is still no definite conclusion in this regard. Therefore, the present study aims to summarize results of studies comparing a LFD and a LCD on weight loss. Methods: A systematic search of databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochran Library was performed up to November 2020. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of adherence to a LCD with a LFD on anthropometric indices and body fat percentage were included. Search results were limited to English-language publications. Sixty-three RCTs, including 7660 participants, were selected for the present study. Results: Pooled analysis indicated that adherence to LCD was significantly associated with a greater reduction in BMI (SMD = - 0.07, 95% CI: -0.14,-0.001; P = 0.04), weight (kg) (SMD = - 0.22, 95% CI: - 0.31, - 0.12; P ≤ 0.001), and percentage of body fat mass (SMD = - 0.28, 95% CI: -0.48, - 0.08; P = 0.006) compared to LFD. However, no significant difference in changes of kilogram of body fat mass and waist circumference was observed between the two diet programs. Conclusion: Overall, adhering to LCD was more effective than LFD in losing weight and body fat percentage.

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低碳水化合物饮食与低脂饮食对人体测量指标和体脂百分比影响的比较：随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析

背景：尽管已经进行了许多研究来比较坚持低碳水化合物饮食（LCD）和低脂饮食（LFD）对人体测量指数和体脂百分比的影响，但在这方面仍然没有确切的结论。因此，本研究旨在总结LFD和LCD在减肥方面的比较研究结果。方法：截至2020年11月，对PubMed、Scopus和Cochran Library等数据库进行了系统检索。包括所有比较LCD和LFD对人体测量指数和体脂百分比的影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。搜索结果仅限于英文出版物。本研究选择了63项随机对照试验，包括7660名参与者。结果：汇总分析表明，与LFD相比，坚持LCD与BMI（SMD=-0.07，95%CI:-0.14，-0.001；P=0.04）、体重（kg）（SMD=-0.22，95%CI:-0.31，-0.12；P≤0.001）和体脂百分比（SMD=0.28，95%CI:-0.58，-0.008；P=0.006）的降低显著相关。然而，在两种饮食方案之间，体重和腰围的变化没有显著差异。结论：总的来说，在减肥和体脂率方面，坚持LCD比LFD更有效。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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