Rediscovering the observations of solar prominences from 1906 to 1957 recorded at the Madrid Astronomical Observatory

IF 3.4 2区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Alejandro Jesús, Pérez Aparicio, V. Carrasco, M. C. Gallego, J. Vaquero
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Abstract

The Madrid Astronomical Observatory implemented a solar observation program from 1876 to 1986. In addition to sunspots, the observers at this observatory recorded other solar features such as prominences. In this work, we have consulted the documentary sources of the Madrid Astronomical Observatory (the information is not digitally available), digitized the records of the observers on the annual number of prominences, and constructed a homogeneous series of the total and hemispheric annual number of prominences with heights of 25’’ and more for the period 1906 – 1957. To evaluate the quality of the data and assess their potential, we have compared the Madrid prominence series with the number of prominences recorded by the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Coimbra and other time series such as the sunspot number index, solar radio flux at 10.7 cm, and sunspot areas. We have also analyzed the hemispheric prominence numbers and the asymmetry index. We obtained the strongest correlation between Madrid and Coimbra prominence series (r = 0.7), whereas the correlations between Madrid prominence series and the other solar activity time series are similar (r ≈ 0.6). In addition, we found that the correlation coefficient between the Madrid prominence series and the sunspot number is lower than that from Coimbra prominence series and the sunspot number. We suggest that these differences are a consequence of the way prominences were counted in the Madrid Astronomical Observatory.
重新发现马德里天文台记录的1906年至1957年的日珥观测结果
马德里天文台于1876年至1986年实施了一项太阳观测计划。除了太阳黑子,这个天文台的观测者还记录了日珥等其他太阳特征。在这项工作中,我们查阅了马德里天文台的文献来源(信息无法以数字方式获得),数字化了观测者对年日珥数量的记录,并构建了1906-1957年期间高度为25英寸及以上的总日珥数和半球年日珥数的同质序列。为了评估数据的质量并评估其潜力,我们将马德里日珥序列与科英布拉大学天文台记录的日珥数量以及其他时间序列进行了比较,如太阳黑子数量指数、10.7厘米处的太阳射电通量和太阳黑子面积。我们还分析了半球突起数和不对称指数。我们得到了马德里和科英布拉日珥序列之间最强的相关性(r=0.7),而马德里日珥序列和其他太阳活动时间序列之间的相关性相似(r≈0.6)。此外,我们发现马德里日珥序列与太阳黑子数的相关系数低于科英布拉日珥序列和太阳黑子数。我们认为这些差异是马德里天文台对日珥计数方式的结果。
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来源期刊
Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate
Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS-GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
6.10%
发文量
40
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate (SWSC) is an international multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary peer-reviewed open access journal which publishes papers on all aspects of space weather and space climate from a broad range of scientific and technical fields including solar physics, space plasma physics, aeronomy, planetology, radio science, geophysics, biology, medicine, astronautics, aeronautics, electrical engineering, meteorology, climatology, mathematics, economy, informatics.
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