Obstacles and distortions: a speculative approach to ideology

IF 1 3区 社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE
G. Daly
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

ABSTRACT Building on Hegel’s speculative philosophy, this paper seeks to engage critically with Ernesto Laclau’s highly influential theory of ideology. Three central points of contention are developed. First, while Laclau’s view of ideological distortion as a distortion of a lack is well taken, the paper affirms that in order to sustain itself this distortion becomes a paradoxical two, or in Hegelian terms an oppositional unity. The distortive illusion of fullness (the concealment of basic lack) only becomes operational via a reciprocal supplementary distortive illusion of an external obstacle to that fullness – the illusion of fullness is thus sustained by its opposite. Second, in contrast to Laclau’s view of the extra-discursive as a distant imaginary, it is argued that the existing capitalist power structure functions effectively as its own extra-discursive in a far more immediate sense in the organization of reality. Third, the real problem of ideology is not simply that (extra-discursive) closure is absent and has to be imposed but rather that the very proximity of closure generates unbearable tensions and antagonisms that need to be externalized and re-staged in more manageable ways. Drawing on a range of examples, the paper aims to synthesize an alternative speculative approach to ideology.
障碍与扭曲:意识形态的思辨方法
本文以黑格尔的思辨哲学为基础,试图对埃内斯托·拉克劳极具影响力的意识形态理论进行批判性的探讨。争论的中心论点有三个。首先,虽然拉克劳将意识形态扭曲视为一种匮乏的扭曲的观点很好地接受了,但本文肯定,为了维持自身,这种扭曲成为一种矛盾的两种,或者用黑格尔的术语来说,一种对立的统一。对充实的扭曲幻觉(对基本缺乏的隐藏)只有通过对充实的外部障碍的相互补充的扭曲幻觉才能发挥作用——因此,充实的幻觉由它的对立面维持。其次,与拉克劳将超话语视为一种遥远的想象的观点相反,他认为,现有的资本主义权力结构在现实组织中更直接地作为其自身的超话语有效地发挥作用。第三,意识形态的真正问题不仅仅是(话语之外的)封闭的缺失和必须被强加,而是封闭的接近产生了难以忍受的紧张和对抗,需要以更可控的方式外化和重新上演。利用一系列的例子,本文旨在综合一种替代的思辨方法来研究意识形态。
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来源期刊
Journal of Political Ideologies
Journal of Political Ideologies POLITICAL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
12.50%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Journal of Political Ideologies is dedicated to the analysis of political ideology both in its theoretical and conceptual aspects, and with reference to the nature and roles of concrete ideological manifestations and practices. The journal serves as a major discipline-developing vehicle for an innovative, growing and vital field in political studies, exploring new methodologies and illuminating the complexity and richness of ideological structures and solutions that form, and are formed by, political thinking and political imagination. Concurrently, the journal supports a broad research agenda aimed at building inter-disciplinary bridges with relevant areas and invigorating cross-disciplinary debate.
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