{"title":"Causae credendi y obligatio re contracta en las res cottidianae","authors":"Adolfo Wegmann Stockebrand","doi":"10.4067/s0716-54552019000100087","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen A diferencia de las Instituciones de Gayo, en las que la mutui datio aparece solitaria, como unico supuesto de obligatio re contracta (Gai. 3,90), las res cottidianae agregan inmediatamente despues de la explicacion de esta figura (D. 44,7,1,2) la obligaciones contraidas, respectivamente, por el comodatario, el depositario y el acreedor pignoraticio, mediante el uso de las expresiones genericas re obligatur y re tenetur (D. 44,7,1,3-6). Con todo, la expresion tecnica re contrahitur obligatio permanece en esta obra reservada al mutuo. Lo anterior ha motivado la communis opinio segun la cual este texto seria el punto de partida de la categoria de los contratos reales de la tradicion romanistica hasta nuestros dias, es decir, compuesta por mutuo, comodato, deposito y prenda. Sin embargo, a nuestro juicio, en las res cottidianae, lejos de establecerse una nueva nocion del re contrahere, lo que se hace es confirmar su estructura clasica, restringida al mutuo, y el acercamiento que se verifica entre el mutuum, por una parte, y el commodatum, el depositum y el pignus, por la otra, obedece mas bien a la necesidad practica de constarar que, desde una perspectiva procesal, la obligacion de reddere del comodatario, el depositario y el acreedor pignoraticio, se hace valer por medio de acciones honorarias estrictamente restitutorias construidas segun el modelo de la condictio que el mutuante ejerce contra el mutuario. Luego, estos cuatro negocios se vinculan no en cuanto obligationes re contractae, sino que en cuanto causae credendi. EnglishAbstract Unlike the Institutes of Gaius, in which mutui datio stands alone, as the only assumption of obligatio re contracta (Gai. 3,90), the res cottidianae, right after the explanation of this leading legal aspect (D. 44,7,1,2), add the obligations undertaken by the bailee, custodian and the pledgee respectively, by using the generic terms re obligatur and re tenetur (D. 44,7,1,3-6). Nonetheless, the technical term re contrahitur obligatio refers, in this work, to the mutuum. This has encouraged the communis opinio, by which this writing is the starting point for the real contracts category from the Romanistic tradition up to the present day, that is, composed of mutuum, bailment, deposit and lien. However, we believe that in res cottidianae, far from establishing a new concept of re contrahere, it instead confirms its classical structure, restricted to the mutuum and the approach that is verified between the mutuum, on one hand, and the commodatum, depositum and pignus, on the other hand. This is rather driven by the practical need to prove that, from a procedural perspective, the obligation of the bailee, depository and pledgee to reddere is availed through strictly restorative honorary actions, built on the basis of the condictio model that the lender applies against the borrower. Then, these four business activities are linked on the basis of the causae credenda and not on obligations re contractae.","PeriodicalId":35307,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudios Historico-Juridicos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Revista de Estudios Historico-Juridicos","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0716-54552019000100087","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Arts and Humanities","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
espanolResumen A diferencia de las Instituciones de Gayo, en las que la mutui datio aparece solitaria, como unico supuesto de obligatio re contracta (Gai. 3,90), las res cottidianae agregan inmediatamente despues de la explicacion de esta figura (D. 44,7,1,2) la obligaciones contraidas, respectivamente, por el comodatario, el depositario y el acreedor pignoraticio, mediante el uso de las expresiones genericas re obligatur y re tenetur (D. 44,7,1,3-6). Con todo, la expresion tecnica re contrahitur obligatio permanece en esta obra reservada al mutuo. Lo anterior ha motivado la communis opinio segun la cual este texto seria el punto de partida de la categoria de los contratos reales de la tradicion romanistica hasta nuestros dias, es decir, compuesta por mutuo, comodato, deposito y prenda. Sin embargo, a nuestro juicio, en las res cottidianae, lejos de establecerse una nueva nocion del re contrahere, lo que se hace es confirmar su estructura clasica, restringida al mutuo, y el acercamiento que se verifica entre el mutuum, por una parte, y el commodatum, el depositum y el pignus, por la otra, obedece mas bien a la necesidad practica de constarar que, desde una perspectiva procesal, la obligacion de reddere del comodatario, el depositario y el acreedor pignoraticio, se hace valer por medio de acciones honorarias estrictamente restitutorias construidas segun el modelo de la condictio que el mutuante ejerce contra el mutuario. Luego, estos cuatro negocios se vinculan no en cuanto obligationes re contractae, sino que en cuanto causae credendi. EnglishAbstract Unlike the Institutes of Gaius, in which mutui datio stands alone, as the only assumption of obligatio re contracta (Gai. 3,90), the res cottidianae, right after the explanation of this leading legal aspect (D. 44,7,1,2), add the obligations undertaken by the bailee, custodian and the pledgee respectively, by using the generic terms re obligatur and re tenetur (D. 44,7,1,3-6). Nonetheless, the technical term re contrahitur obligatio refers, in this work, to the mutuum. This has encouraged the communis opinio, by which this writing is the starting point for the real contracts category from the Romanistic tradition up to the present day, that is, composed of mutuum, bailment, deposit and lien. However, we believe that in res cottidianae, far from establishing a new concept of re contrahere, it instead confirms its classical structure, restricted to the mutuum and the approach that is verified between the mutuum, on one hand, and the commodatum, depositum and pignus, on the other hand. This is rather driven by the practical need to prove that, from a procedural perspective, the obligation of the bailee, depository and pledgee to reddere is availed through strictly restorative honorary actions, built on the basis of the condictio model that the lender applies against the borrower. Then, these four business activities are linked on the basis of the causae credenda and not on obligations re contractae.
期刊介绍:
The aim of Revista de Estudios Histórico-Jurídicos (abbreviation REHJ, for Historical-Legal Studies Journal) is to spread original and unpublished articles regarding dogmatic, legislative and institutional history in the fields of Roman Law and Legal History, especially in the European and Ibero-American Romanistic tradition; and of History of Western legal and political thought; even if these are lectures given at scientific congresses. It also accepts revisions regarding the status of an issue and broad bibliographic revisions, as long as they are of a critical nature. The Journal does not publish works of a purely philosophical, theoretical, political or sociological content; neither publishes works of a mere outreach nature, whether they consist in non-reprocessed lectures or conferences as articles, nor if they offer the assay form ("reflections", "remarks", "considerations", "note-taking", "notes" etc.). General Coverage on the Following Topics: Roman law, History of (public and private) Law, History of canon law, History of European law, Indian Law (History of the legal system applied in the Americas during the Spanish colonisation), History of the Ibero-American national laws, History of Chilean law, History of the legal dogmas, History of the legal thought, History of the political thought, History of institutions.