A. D. Cámara, J. Martínez-Carrión, J. Puche, Josep-Maria Ramon-Muñoz
{"title":"HEIGHT AND INEQUALITY IN SPAIN: A LONG-TERM PERSPECTIVE","authors":"A. D. Cámara, J. Martínez-Carrión, J. Puche, Josep-Maria Ramon-Muñoz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3393414","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article analyses the evolution of nutritional inequality in Spain among cohorts born between 1840 and 1964. With male height data (N = 358,253), the secular trend of biological well-being and intergenerational anthropometric inequalities are studied based on the coefficient of variation, height percentiles and socioeconomic categories (students, literate non-students and illiterate). The results reveal that the nutritional inequalities were very large in the mid-19th century. Anthropometric inequalities diminished among those born between 1880 and 1919 and increased again, although only moderately, from the cohorts of the 1920s. From the 1930s there was a cycle of sustained increase in height. Despite nutritional improvement, the data suggest that nutritional inequalities increased during the Franco regime, affecting the low-income population segments particularly. RESUMEN Este artículo analiza la evolución de la desigualdad en el estado nutricional neto en España entre las cohortes nacidas entre 1840 y 1964. A partir de estaturas masculinas (N = 358.253) se estudia la tendencia secular del bienestar biológico y la evolución de las desigualdades antropométricas utilizando el coeficiente de variación, percentiles de estatura y categorías socio-económicas (estudiantes, alfabetizados -no estudiantes- y analfabetos). Los resultados revelan que las desigualdades nutricionales fueron muy acusadas a mediados del siglo XIX, hecho asociado al descuelgue del segmento inferior de la distribución de estaturas. Esas desigualdades disminuyeron entre los nacidos entre 1880 y 1919 y aumentaron de nuevo, aunque moderadamente, desde las cohortes de la década de 1920, conviviendo a partir los años treinta con un ciclo sostenido de incremento de la estatura. A pesar de dicho incremento, los datos sugieren que las desigualdades nutricionales aumentaron con el franquismo, afectando especialmente a las clases bajas.","PeriodicalId":45403,"journal":{"name":"Revista De Historia Economica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2019-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"27","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Revista De Historia Economica","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3393414","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 27
Abstract
ABSTRACT This article analyses the evolution of nutritional inequality in Spain among cohorts born between 1840 and 1964. With male height data (N = 358,253), the secular trend of biological well-being and intergenerational anthropometric inequalities are studied based on the coefficient of variation, height percentiles and socioeconomic categories (students, literate non-students and illiterate). The results reveal that the nutritional inequalities were very large in the mid-19th century. Anthropometric inequalities diminished among those born between 1880 and 1919 and increased again, although only moderately, from the cohorts of the 1920s. From the 1930s there was a cycle of sustained increase in height. Despite nutritional improvement, the data suggest that nutritional inequalities increased during the Franco regime, affecting the low-income population segments particularly. RESUMEN Este artículo analiza la evolución de la desigualdad en el estado nutricional neto en España entre las cohortes nacidas entre 1840 y 1964. A partir de estaturas masculinas (N = 358.253) se estudia la tendencia secular del bienestar biológico y la evolución de las desigualdades antropométricas utilizando el coeficiente de variación, percentiles de estatura y categorías socio-económicas (estudiantes, alfabetizados -no estudiantes- y analfabetos). Los resultados revelan que las desigualdades nutricionales fueron muy acusadas a mediados del siglo XIX, hecho asociado al descuelgue del segmento inferior de la distribución de estaturas. Esas desigualdades disminuyeron entre los nacidos entre 1880 y 1919 y aumentaron de nuevo, aunque moderadamente, desde las cohortes de la década de 1920, conviviendo a partir los años treinta con un ciclo sostenido de incremento de la estatura. A pesar de dicho incremento, los datos sugieren que las desigualdades nutricionales aumentaron con el franquismo, afectando especialmente a las clases bajas.