Ways of Seeing, Ways of Being Seen

IF 0.2 3区 历史学 Q2 HISTORY
Dantzel Cenatiempo
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article explores how Josephine Baker leveraged post–World War I European primitivism to subvert her mostly white male audience's voyeuristic gaze. Baker's youthful experiences with early twentieth-century American minstrelsy fostered many techniques, from cross-dressing to whiteface, that proved useful for navigating her sudden fame in Jazz Age Paris. In particular, Baker's subversive parody of her rival Mistinguett in La joie de Paris in 1932 demonstrates how skin color, despite becoming both fetish and fashion during the interwar period, still fell into colonial hierarchies. Baker used her body to resist this system, moving away from her two-dimensional public image as a nude banana dancer and closer to the World War II agent and antisegregation activist she would soon become. The theories of Sigmund Freud, Frantz Fanon, Joanne B. Eicher, and Laura Mulvey help elucidate how this 1932 performance, by destabilizing gendered and racialized stereotypes, marks a significant turning point in Baker's political consciousness.
观看的方式,被观看的方式
这篇文章探讨了约瑟芬·贝克如何利用一战后的欧洲原始主义来颠覆她的主要是白人男性观众的偷窥目光。贝克年轻时在20世纪早期的美国吟游诗人的经历培养了她许多技巧,从变装到白脸,这些技巧被证明对她在爵士乐时代的巴黎突然成名很有用。特别是,贝克在1932年的《巴黎之夜》中颠覆性地模仿了她的竞争对手米斯廷格特,这表明肤色尽管在两次世界大战期间成为了恋物癖和时尚,但仍然落入了殖民地的等级制度。贝克用她的身体来抵制这种制度,摆脱了她作为一个裸体香蕉舞者的二维公众形象,更接近她即将成为的第二次世界大战特工和反种族隔离活动家。西格蒙德·弗洛伊德、弗朗茨·法农、乔安妮·b·埃歇尔和劳拉·穆尔维的理论有助于阐明1932年的演出是如何通过动摇性别和种族化的刻板印象,标志着贝克政治意识的一个重要转折点的。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
期刊介绍: French Historical Studies, the leading journal on the history of France, publishes articles, commentaries, and research notes on all periods of French history from the Middle Ages to the present. The journal’s diverse format includes forums, review essays, special issues, and articles in French, as well as bilingual abstracts of the articles in each issue. Also featured are bibliographies of recent articles, dissertations and books in French history, and announcements of fellowships, prizes, and conferences of interest to French historians.
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