A Systematic Review of School-based Physical Activity Programs on Physical Fitness, Cognition, and Affective Outcomes in Early Childhood

Xiuye Xi̇e, Xiaoping Fan, Tanjian Liang
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to review intervention studies on school-based physical activity programs in early childhood to identify the gaps and future trends in this topic. Forty-one quantitative experimental studies were identified from nine electronic databases using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. All identified studies were coded using a coding template. The interrater reliability between the two coders was 96.5%. The frequencies and percentages for each coded category were reported descriptively. The randomized controlled trial with a control group was the most used research design (70.7%), and 41.5% of the studies were guided by a theoretical/conceptual framework. The intervention length ranged from four days to three years, and 41.5% of the studies reported an intervention fidelity check in various forms. Different dependent variables were measured, and about half of the studies were focused on physical activity and anthropometry outcomes. A trend of the positive impact of school-based physical activity programs on children in early childhood was found. However, the rigor of studies needs significant improvements in multiple areas. Future intervention programs are suggested to include different elements in the design to develop children’s cognition, physical fitness, and affective outcomes. 
基于学校的体育活动项目对幼儿身体健康、认知和情感结果的系统评价
本研究的目的是回顾儿童早期学校体育活动项目的干预研究,以确定该主题的差距和未来趋势。使用预定义的纳入和排除标准,从9个电子数据库中确定了41项定量实验研究。所有已确定的研究均使用编码模板进行编码。两个编码者之间的参与者间可靠性为96.5%。描述性地报告了每个编码类别的频率和百分比。对照组的随机对照试验是最常用的研究设计(70.7%),41.5%的研究以理论/概念框架为指导。干预时间从4天到3年不等,41.5%的研究报告了各种形式的干预保真度检查。测量了不同的因变量,大约一半的研究集中在体育活动和人体测量结果上。研究发现,学校体育活动项目对幼儿期儿童产生了积极影响。然而,研究的严谨性需要在多个领域进行重大改进。建议未来的干预计划在设计中包括不同的元素,以发展儿童的认知、身体素质和情感结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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