Dietary Practice and its Association with Glycemic Control among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ethiopia: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Q3 Medicine
F. Asnake, Mpm Kitaw MD, Muluken Zeleke Megiso, Indris Ahmed Yesuf, Bersabel Hilawi, Y. Shiferaw, Blen Solomon, Mefthe Fikru, E. S. Weldesenbet, T. W. Leulseged
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that needs a comprehensive management plan. The integral role of nutrition therapy in diabetes management is getting special attention in guidelines though the practice is in a primitive stage, especially in resource limited settings where lifestyle modifications have a large role in the overburdened healthcare system. Understanding the current dietary practice and its effect on disease control in settings where a tertiary level care is provided is a critical step in providing targeted intervention. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess dietary practice and its association with level of glycemic control among individuals with T2DM who were on follow-up at two large tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2023 among 314 systematically selected individuals with T2DM who were on follow-up at diabetes clinics of St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College and Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire and summarized using frequency and median (interquartile range). To examine the association of dietary practice with level of glycemic control, a binary logistic regression model was run at 5% level of significance where Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) and 95% CI for AOR were used to interpret the results. Results: From the 314 participants, 146 (46.5%) patients had adequate knowledge regarding the recommended dietary practices and only 42 (13.4%) of the individuals practiced a healthy diet. A total of 107 (34.1%, 95% CI=29.0%-39.2%) had optimal glycemic control. Poor dietary practice (AOR=7.93, 95% CI=2.63-23.89, p<0.001), obesity (AOR=2.74, 95% CI=1.05-7.18%, p=0.04), and taking combination oral anti-diabetic drugs (AOR=6.22, 95% CI=3.05-12.69, p<0.001) were significantly associated with suboptimal glycemic control. Conclusions: Dietary knowledge and practice among individuals with T2DM were very low, as is the level of glycemic control, which are similar to studies conducted years back, indicating a lack of improvement in the desired behavior over time. Poor dietary practice in turn was associated with suboptimal glycemic control. It is important to target interventions that enhance the understanding and application of dietary practice in these individuals.
埃塞俄比亚2型糖尿病患者的饮食习惯及其与血糖控制的关系:一项多中心横断面研究
背景:2型糖尿病(T2DM)是一种需要综合治疗的慢性代谢紊乱。营养治疗在糖尿病管理中的整体作用在指南中得到了特别关注,尽管这种做法还处于初级阶段,尤其是在资源有限的环境中,生活方式的改变在负担过重的医疗系统中发挥着重要作用。在提供三级护理的环境中,了解当前的饮食习惯及其对疾病控制的影响是提供有针对性干预的关键一步。因此,本研究的目的是评估在埃塞俄比亚两家大型三级医院接受随访的T2DM患者的饮食习惯及其与血糖控制水平的关系。方法:2023年1月至3月,在圣保罗医院千禧医学院和蒂库尔·安贝萨专科医院的糖尿病诊所随访的314名系统选择的T2DM患者中,进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。使用预先测试的结构化问卷收集数据,并使用频率和中位数(四分位间距)进行总结。为了检验饮食实践与血糖控制水平的相关性,在5%的显著性水平下运行二元逻辑回归模型,其中使用调整后的比值比(AOR)和AOR的95%CI来解释结果。结果:在314名参与者中,146名(46.5%)患者对推荐的饮食习惯有足够的了解,只有42名(13.4%)患者坚持健康饮食。共有107人(34.1%,95%CI=29.0%-39.2%)血糖控制最佳。不良饮食习惯(AOR=7.93,95%CI=2.63-23.89,p<0.001)、肥胖(AOR=2.74,95%CI=1.05-7.18%,p=0.04)和口服联合抗糖尿病药物(AOR=6.22,95%CI=3.05-12.69,p>0.001)与次优血糖控制显著相关。结论:T2DM患者的饮食知识和实践水平非常低,血糖控制水平也非常低,这与几年前进行的研究类似,表明随着时间的推移,所需行为缺乏改善。不良的饮食习惯反过来又与血糖控制不佳有关。重要的是要有针对性地采取干预措施,增强对这些人饮食实践的理解和应用。
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来源期刊
Ethiopian Medical Journal
Ethiopian Medical Journal Medicine-Medicine (all)
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: The Ethiopian Medical Journal (EMJ) is the official Journal of the Ethiopian Medical Association (EMA) and devoted to the advancement and dissemination of knowledge pertaining to the broad field of medicine in Ethiopia and other developing countries. Prospective contributors to the Journal should take note of the instructions of Manuscript preparation and submission to EMJ as outlined below.
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