Why Mammals do Not Damage Entire Farmlands Like Insect Pests Do? A Review from a Behavioral Perspective

IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY
Mammal Study Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI:10.3106/ms2022-0054
T. Honda, Hironori Ueda
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract. Crop damage caused by mammals is not uniformly distributed and is more localized near the forest; this damage distribution differs from that of insect pests. Species that cause damage are often forest inhabitants and hence the damage sites are also biased toward the forest edge. However, these species do not necessarily use forests as their home ranges for cover or shelter, but may be entirely urban (e.g., urban bears). Forest vegetation cannot be considered essential for these species, as this contradicts the behavior of animals that use urbanized areas only. Our review illustrates why crop damage is uneven, localized at forest edges, and less likely to occur on farmlands away from forests in terms of population density, food availability, personality, habituation, and human behavior. This review reveals the role and risk perception of human disturbances. If risk of farmland is perceived to be greater than the true risk, mammals prefer farmlands near forests with low degrees of human disturbances (perceptual trap). The current damage distribution is a result of this perceptual trap because hunting pressures are not always higher in farmlands than in forests.
为什么哺乳动物不像害虫那样破坏整个农田?从行为学的角度回顾
摘要哺乳动物对作物造成的损害分布不均匀,多局限于森林附近;这种损害分布不同于虫害。造成破坏的物种通常是森林居民,因此破坏地点也偏向森林边缘。然而,这些物种并不一定以森林作为它们的栖息地或庇护所,而可能完全在城市(例如,城市熊)。森林植被不能被认为是这些物种的必要条件,因为这与只使用城市化地区的动物的行为相矛盾。我们的回顾从人口密度、食物供应、个性、习惯化和人类行为等方面说明了为什么作物损害是不均匀的,局限于森林边缘,而不太可能发生在远离森林的农田上。这篇综述揭示了人为干扰的作用和风险认知。如果感知到农田的风险大于真实风险,哺乳动物更喜欢靠近森林、人类干扰程度低的农田(感知陷阱)。目前的损害分布是这种感知陷阱的结果,因为在农田中狩猎的压力并不总是比在森林中高。
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来源期刊
Mammal Study
Mammal Study ZOOLOGY-
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
20.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Mammal Study is the official journal of the Mammal Society of Japan. It publishes original articles, short communications, and reviews on all aspects of mammalogy quarterly, written in English.
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