Effects of ridge tillage with film mulching in furrow on photosynthetic characteristics of potato and yield formation in dryland farming

作物学报 Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14050

Yan-Yan Shi, Zhiqi Ma, Chun-Hua Wu, Yong-jin Zhou, Rong Li

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Abstract

: To investigate the effects of ridge tillage with film mulching in furrow on photosynthetic characteristics and yield formation of potato in dry land, field experiment was conducted from 2018 to 2019 in mountain area of south Ningxia. Ridges were covered with common plastic film in all treatments, while different furrow treatments were mulched with common plastic film (DD), degradable permeable mulch film (DS), and bast fiber film (DM), and no mulching furrows was used as the control check (CK). The effects of ridge tillage with film mulching in furrow on soil moisture, photosynthetic characteristics of potato functional leaves and yield formation during the key growth period (60–120 days after sowing) were investigated and compared. The results showed that the different mulching treatments could significantly increase soil water storage in 0–100 cm layer during potato squaring stage (60 days after sowing). DD treatment was the highest in 2018 and DM treatment was the highest in 2019, which significantly increased by 11.2% and 21.6% than CK, respectively. In the key growth periods of potato, leaf area index of DS treatment was significantly higher than that of CK in 2019, but there was no significant difference among the other treatments. Different mulching treatments could increase the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, while DM treatment significantly tuber swelling stage was significantly increased by 54.9%, 50.0%, and 22.6%. During the 2-year experiments, the average potato yield with DD, DM and DS treatments was increased by 13.2%, 14.1%, and 5.2%, the average net income was increased by 16.3%, 14.6% and 4.0%, respectively, compared with CK, while the differences in potato yield and net income were not significant between DS and CK. Correlation analysis showed that soil moisture and net photosynthetic rate were the main factors affect-ing potato yield formation. The treatments of ridge tillage with common plastic film mulching in furrow (DD) and ridge tillage with bast fiber film mulching in furrow (DM) could improve soil moisture at squaring stage, thus promoting the increase of potato photosynthesis and yield. Therefore, ridge tillage with bast fiber film mulching in furrow had the same effect of increasing yield and income as ridge tillage with common plastic film mulching in furrow, and it had the advantage of partially replacing common plastic mulching.

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旱地垄作沟膜覆盖对马铃薯光合特性及产量形成的影响

为了研究沟道覆膜垄作对旱地马铃薯光合特性和产量形成的影响，于2018年至2019年在宁南山区进行了田间试验。所有处理均采用普通地膜覆盖，不同沟道处理采用普通地膜（DD）、可降解透水地膜（DS）和韧皮纤维膜（DM）覆盖，不采用覆盖沟作为对照（CK）。在关键生长期（播种后60～120天），研究比较了垄作沟膜覆盖对土壤水分、马铃薯功能叶光合特性和产量形成的影响。结果表明，不同覆盖处理可显著提高马铃薯成方期（播后60天）0～100cm土层的土壤蓄水量。DD治疗在2018年最高，DM治疗在2019年最高，分别比对照显著增加11.2%和21.6%。在马铃薯的关键生长期，2019年DS处理的叶面积指数显著高于CK，但其他处理之间没有显著差异。不同覆盖处理可提高马铃薯的净光合速率和蒸腾速率，而DM处理显著提高块茎膨大期，分别提高了54.9%、50.0%和22.6%。在2年的试验中，DD、DM和DS处理的马铃薯平均产量分别提高了13.2%、14.1%和5.2%，平均净收入分别提高了16.3%、14.6%和4.0%，相关分析表明，土壤水分和净光合速率是影响马铃薯产量形成的主要因素。采用普通沟覆膜垄作（DD）和韧皮纤维沟膜垄作（DM）处理，可改善开方期土壤水分，促进马铃薯光合作用和产量的提高。因此，沟道覆盖韧皮纤维膜的垄作与沟道覆盖普通地膜的垄作具有相同的增产增收效果，并具有部分取代普通地膜的优点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

作物学报 Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The major aims of AAS are to report the progresses in the disciplines of crop breeding, crop genetics, crop cultivation, crop physiology, ecology, biochemistry, germplasm resources, grain chemistry, grain storage and processing, bio-technology and biomathematics etc. mainly in China and abroad. AAS provides regular columns for Original papers, Reviews, and Research notes. The strict peer-review procedure guarantees the academic level and raises the reputation of the journal. The readership of AAS is for crop science researchers, students of agricultural colleges and universities, and persons with similar academic level.