The low- level laser therapy in temporo-mandibular disorders-an update of the current literature

Abstract

Abstract Temporo-mandibular disorders (TMD) have become a frequently encountered pathology. Its complexity requires a higher degree of knowledge in matters of diagnosis and treatment. Although the diagnosis aspect has a golden standard represented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the treatment part is not completely understood. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used as one of the tools to treat TMD for more than ten years now. The aim of this study is to evaluate the scientifically based evidence on the efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of TMD. Material and methods: An electronically search of the PubMed and Science Direct data bases has been performed starting from 2008 and up to June 2018. Selection criteria included: human subjects, articles written in English, review type articles. Results: After a careful review of the aforementioned databases, we have included in this present update a number of 10 articles. Conclusion: The association between TMD and LLLT seems to bring about an improvement of the symptoms related to this pathology. Although the results in reducing pain and improving oral function are encouraging, the heterogeneous laser parameters used in therapy and lack of standardization does not allow the elaboration of a certain clinical guideline. Further research is recommended to establish an evidenced-based protocol.