Numerical simulation of cold emission in coaxial diode with magnetic isolation

Abstract

Due to the emergence and active development of new areas of application of powerful and super-powerful microwave vacuum devices, interest in studying the behavior of ensembles of charged particles moving in the interaction space has increased. An example is an electron beam formed in a coaxial diode with magnetic isolation. Numerical simulation of emission in such a diode is traditionally carried out using particle-in-cell methods. They are based on the simultaneous calculation of the equations of motion of particles and the Maxwell’s equations for the electromagnetic field. In the present work, a new computational approach called the point macroparticle method is proposed. In it, the motion of particles is described by the equations of relativistic mechanics, and explicit expressions are written out for fields in a quasi-static approximation. Calculations of the formation of a relativistic electron beam in a coaxial diode with magnetic isolation are performed and a comparison is made with the known theoretical relations for the electron velocity in the beam and for the beam current. Excellent agreement of calculation results with theoretical formulas is obtained.