Clinico-Epidemiological Profile and Outcome of Poisoning in Children Presenting at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern Nepal

A. Giri, V. Sah, S. Yadav, Niraj S. Yadav
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Abstract

Background: Pediatric poisoning is common emergency worldwide and represents major and preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The study describes epidemiology and outcome of acute poisonings in children presenting to Nobel Medical College through Emergency and Outpatient department and determines causative agents and characteristics of acute poisoning in several pediatric age groups. Material and Methods: This was hospital based prospective cross-sectional study which included all acutely poisoned patients under 18yrs age of either sex who presented to Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital during 1year period (January 2021 to December 2021). Various socio-demographic variables, poisoning details, clinical manifestations, treatment given, outcome and complications were entered in predesigned proforma. Data was entered in excel sheet and descriptive analysis was done using SPSS software (version 20). Results: During the study period total 56 children with poisoning were admitted and enrolled.  The mean age (±SD) of children with poisoning was 8.18 ± 5.50 Years. Poisoning cases werepredominant in male children (n=56, 53.6%). The most common poison wasorganophosphates(OP) compounds (41.1%). More than three-fourth of cases (92.9%) were symptomatic where nausea/vomiting (78.6%) was most common clinical symptoms, About 83.9% children survived, 10.7% expired and 5.4% left against medical advice (LAMA). Complications were seen in about 37.5% where shock was most common complications Conclusion: Poisoning was common in adolescent age group.Overall nature of poisoning was accidental however, in adolescent age group majority of them were suicidal in nature.Organophosphates (OP) compounds was most common type of poisoning
尼泊尔东部三级医院儿童中毒的临床流行病学概况和结果
背景:儿童中毒是世界范围内常见的紧急情况,是儿童发病和死亡的主要和可预防的原因。本研究描述了诺贝尔医学院急诊科和门诊部儿童急性中毒的流行病学和结果,并确定了几个儿科年龄组急性中毒的病因和特征。材料和方法:这是一项基于医院的前瞻性横断面研究,纳入了诺贝尔医学院教学医院1年内(2021年1月至2021年12月)所有18岁以下急性中毒患者。各种社会人口变量、中毒细节、临床表现、给予的治疗、结果和并发症以预先设计的形式输入。数据以excel表格录入,使用SPSS软件(version 20)进行描述性分析。结果:研究期间共收治入组56例中毒患儿。中毒儿童平均年龄(±SD)为8.18±5.50岁。中毒病例以男童为主(n=56, 53.6%)。最常见的毒物是有机磷化合物(OP)(41.1%)。超过四分之三(92.9%)的病例有症状,其中恶心/呕吐(78.6%)为最常见的临床症状,约83.9%的儿童存活,10.7%的儿童死亡,5.4%的儿童不遵医嘱离开(LAMA)。并发症占37.5%,其中休克是最常见的并发症。中毒的总体性质是意外的,但在青少年年龄组中,大多数是自杀性质的。有机磷(OP)化合物是最常见的中毒类型
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