Resource-saving technology of tailings utilization of non-ferrous metals beneficiation

Abstract

Introduction. The article presents the results of research on the problem of waste disposal of ore processing by changing the properties of metal-containing raw materials. The research methods are based on experiments using the method of electrochemical activation of metal extraction processes. Results. The purpose of the study is formulated as modernization of the technology of extraction of metals from ores by leaching in relation to non-ferrous metals. It has been determined that the tailings of the enrichment of metal ores contain valuable metals that are not fully extracted by traditional methods of enrichment, which form compounds dangerous to the environment. It is determined that the leaching efficiency increases due to a decrease in the activated reaction area of the working solution with minerals containing the extracted metal. A mathematical description of the leaching kinetics is given depending on the surface area of the particles and the applied energy. Models for evaluating technology options and determining savings from the use of the phenomenon of mechanical activation are proposed. Discussion of the results. It is shown that a promising direction of metal extraction is combined chemical enrichment and mechanical activation with high energy in a disintegrator. It is determined that the activation of minerals in the disintegrator increases the recovery of metals by more than one and a half times, and the combination of grinding and leaching processes increases it even more. Conclusion: during the disposal of ore dressing waste, the mechanochemical activation of binders increases the extraction of metals, reducing risks to the environment.