Targeted Killings: Assessing the Legal Contours for Protection of Africans with Albinism

Abstract

As the world mourns and condemns the brutal death of George Floyd by police brutality, one cannot ignore, but reflect on similar atrocities committed against hundreds of Africans by virtue of their skin pigmentation. These victims are Africans with albinism (AwA). Widespread discrimination and targeted attacks against these individuals occur against the backdrop of an erroneous mythology that the body parts of AwA have magic powers which could enhance electoral victory, guarantee bumper harvest, cure medical complications and bring riches. Indeed, many states have attempted to avert further abuse by arresting and prosecuting perpetrators. Yet, violations abound. By June 2020, more than 200 Africans with albinism have been killed in 30 African countries, and a disproportionate percentage has been subjected to abduction, rape and violent attacks. These atrocities question the effectiveness of existing (inter)national human rights mechanisms in safeguarding vulnerable populations from their attackers. Coincidentally, the day June 13 is significant as it marks the 5th Anniversary of the International Albinism Awareness Day (IAAD). While reminding us to combat different forms of discrimination faced by AwA, the day also starkly entreats us to survey the level of legal safeguard afforded this vulnerable community in the region. In a bid to forestall further attacks, the paper argues that while it may be vital for the international community to adopt an overarching binding legal instrument speaking to the protection of AwA, African countries should use the IAAD to reinforce information dissemination and awareness campaigns to destigmatize albinism in local communities.