Cancer incidence in the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2002–2018

Abstract

Introduction. One of the reasons for the increase in the prevalence and incidence of cancer is anthropogenic pollution of the environment. In the Republic of Bashkortostan, there are regions that clearly differ with the predominant concentration of certain types of industries, which form a kind of geochemical province. The study of the formation of cancer incidence in regions with different environmental situations is a prerequisite for corporate and regional programs for the prevention and public health care. Purpose. To determine the epidemiological and dynamic features of the formation of cancer incidence in various ecological regions of the republic. Materials and methods. The paper analyzes and summarizes materials from organizations and institutions of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing, the Ministry of Nature and Ecology, the Ministry of Health for 2002-2018. Results. The level of cancer incidence in the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2002-2018 increased by 1.2 times (from 266.1 in 2002 to 329.3 in 2018 per 100 thousand population). The gain in the number of cancer patients occurred in all regions of the Republic in different ways, depending on their production and industrial orientation and environmental characteristics. Over all years of observation, the highest incidence rates are recorded among the population of cities in which petrochemical plants are located with an average annual level of 321.70/000, which is 30.8-36.40/000 higher than the national indicators. Cancer patients are registered in the region with large metallurgical production somewhat more often than in the Republic. Average annual levels in areas with the predominant development of oil production (290.50/000), mining production (253.00/000), agriculture (232.60/000) for 2002-2016 remain below the population indicator (285.30/000). Over following 2017-2018 years, in almost all of the above regions, the number of cancer patients continues to increase. Limitations. The dynamics of the development of oncological morbidity for 2002-2018 in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Conclusions. The revealed features of the dynamic development of oncological morbidity and the patterns of its formation in regions with different production and industrial development must be taken into account when developing comprehensive and corporate programs for protecting public health and preventing cancer.