Epidemiological, Clinical and Anatomopathological Analysis in SARS_Cov_2 Infection in Arad

Abstract

Objective. The year 2020 radically changed the therapeutic approach in patients of Romanian hospitals, and intensive care units (ICUs) were sometimes used over capacity;our goal was to establish the success rate in Covid 19 patients assisted in 2020 in Arad. Material and methods. Were analyzed 450 Covid 19 cases hospitalized between 28.03-25.05.2020, regarding the demographic characteristics, symptomatology, comorbidities, hospitalisation length, treatment regimens and success rates. Results. Patients ranged in age from 19 to 99 years, with a mean of 56.75 for women and 56.11 for men, with hospitalization averaging 12 days for women and 17 days for men, who had also a higher risk for severe forms compared to women (RR 1.4483, 95% CI 1.0012-2.095, P = 0.0493);Odds ratio OR in men was increased but without statistical validation (OR 1.5023, 95% CI 10.9175-2.46, P = 0.1057). The death rate was increased in cases with hypertension associated to diabetes (OR 26.6049, P = 0.0353). Isolation of associated bacterial agents was performed in only 5.55% of cases (n = 25) but antibiotic regimens targeted 54.66% (n = 246) of cases. Multidrug resistance of circulating strains in 2020 in this hospital has increased despite the decrease in the number of patients discharged and specimens, compared to 2019. Conclusions. Antibiotic therapy in Covid 19 is not justified in the absence of a proven secondary bacterial infection, contributing to the increase in the selection of multidrug resistant bacterial strains, which is a fact already ascertained. Copyright © 2022 Romanian Society of Legal Medicine.