Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Review for the Clinician

Abstract

Almost half of patients with heart failure also have preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and the prevalence is increasing. HFpEF is diagnosed based on signs and symptoms of heart failure with ejection fraction of ≥50%. Patients with HFpEF are a heterogeneous group with multiple associated comorbid conditions, including obesity, female gender, advanced age, and hypertension. No clear treatment guidelines exist for HFpEF, and most therapies have not shown a clear benefit in lessening mortality. Current options include treating signs and symptoms and the associated comorbidities. Future therapeutic options have shown some promise; however, larger cohorts and more randomized controlled trials are needed.