Bacterial Nosocomial Infection: Experience of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the University Hospital of Marrakech

Abstract

Nosocomial infections are one of the major causes of morbidity in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Known risk factors include birth weight, gestational age, severity of illness and its related length of stay, and instrumentation.The purpose of this article is to determine the occurrence of Nosocomial Infections (NIs), including infection rates, main infection sites, and common microorganisms.A retrospective study was conducted between June 2015 and December 2016.The incidence of nosocomial infection was 16%. The primary reasons for admission were intauterin growth retardation (52.5%).Klebsiella Pneumoniaewas the most commonly identified agent in the blood cultures and in the hospital unit (43.6%). The mortality rate from nosocomial infection was 52.6%. The proportion of infected newborns with a lower than normal birth weight was predominant (58.13%).Thus, prevention of bacterial infection is crucial in these settings of unique patients. In this view, improving neonatal management is a key step, and this includes promotion of breast-feeding and hygiene measures.