In Vivo and In Vitro Chromosome Doubling of ‘I3’ Hemp

IF 1.5 3区农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE

Hortscience Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.21273/hortsci17169-23

Adigun McLeod, R. Contreras, Margaret A. Halstead, K. Vining

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cannabis sativa L. is a diploid (2x) herbaceous plant that provides a wide variety of products such as essential oils, fiber, and medicine. Hemp was defined in the 2018 Farm Bill as a Cannabis plant with a delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of not more than 0.3% on a dry-weight basis. Polyploidy is frequently used in plant breeding to manipulate vigor, reproductive fertility, and biochemistry. By inducing polyploidy/chromosome doubling, we may increase the compounds of interest, principally CBD (cannabidiol), produced by hemp. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of different treatments of colchicine and oryzalin applied in vivo and in vitro to induce polyploidy in ‘I3’ hemp. After treating vegetative cuttings with colchicine or oryzalin, we had a 31% survival rate. Of the 85 survivors, we recovered two tetraploids: one from the 12-h 0.05% colchicine treatment group and the other from the 12-h 0.2% colchicine treatment group. For the in vitro portion of the experiment, the 12-h 50-µM oryzalin treatment yielded one tetraploid and the 36 h 50 µM oryzalin treatment yielded one cytochimera (mixoploid). The relative efficiency of some treatments showed potential for a simple method to induce tetraploids in clonal hemp for breeding.

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大麻‘I3’染色体的体内和体外加倍

大麻是一种二倍体（2x）草本植物，提供多种产品，如精油、纤维和药物。2018年《农场法案》将大麻定义为一种大麻植物，其δ-9四氢大麻酚的干重浓度不超过0.3%。多倍体在植物育种中经常被用来操纵活力、生殖能力和生物化学。通过诱导多倍体/染色体加倍，我们可以增加大麻产生的感兴趣的化合物，主要是CBD（大麻二酚）。本实验的目的是评价秋水仙碱和谷维素在体内和体外不同处理诱导‘I3’大麻多倍体的效果。用秋水仙碱或谷维素处理营养插条后，我们的存活率为31%。在85名幸存者中，我们回收了两个四倍体：一个来自12-h 0.05%秋水仙碱治疗组，另一个来自12h 0.2%秋水仙碱处理组。对于实验的体外部分，12小时50µM米谷蛋白处理产生一个四倍体，36小时50µM米谷蛋白治疗产生一个细胞分裂（混合多倍体）。一些处理的相对效率显示出在克隆大麻中诱导四倍体进行育种的简单方法的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Hortscience 农林科学-园艺

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

10.50%

发文量

224

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： HortScience publishes horticultural information of interest to a broad array of horticulturists. Its goals are to apprise horticultural scientists and others interested in horticulture of scientific and industry developments and of significant research, education, or extension findings or methods.