Location and seasonal effects on sugarcane smut and implications for resistance breeding in South Africa

IF 1.1 Q3 AGRONOMY

South African Journal of Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1080/02571862.2021.1969692

M. Zhou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Smut, Sporisorium scitamineum (Syd.) (formerly Ustilago scitamineum), is a major disease of sugarcane causing cane yield losses of 0.25 to 0.75% for every 1% of infected stools. Breeding resistant cultivars is part of integrated smut management. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of locations and seasons on smut infection genotype in irrigated sugarcane breeding trials. Data for smut-infected stools and smut whips collected from early and late season trials at Pongola (NPG) and Mpumalanga research stations (MP) were analysed using linear mixed models. There were significant (p < 0.001) location, season, location by season, genotype, genotype by location, genotype by season and genotype by location by season interaction effects for infected stools and whips. Broad sense heritability in late season trials averaged 0.89 compared to 0.61 in early season, while that for MP (0.79) was higher than for NPG (0.69) indicating higher selection efficiency for smut resistance in late season MP trials. Genotypes had significantly (p < 0.001) higher infected stools and whips at MP than at NPG and in late than early season trials. Smut-screening using MP late season trials will increase efficiency of breeding for smut resistance in South Africa.

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南非甘蔗黑穗病的位置和季节效应及其对抗性育种的影响

Smut，Sporisorium scitamineum（Syd.）（前身为Ustilago scitaminem），是甘蔗的一种主要疾病，每1%的感染粪便会导致甘蔗产量损失0.25至0.75%。培育抗病品种是黑穗病综合治理的一部分。本研究的目的是确定灌溉甘蔗育种试验中地点和季节对黑穗病感染基因型的影响。使用线性混合模型分析了从Pongola（NPG）和Mpumalanga研究站（MP）的早季和晚季试验中收集的黑穗病感染粪便和黑穗病鞭状物的数据。有显著性（p < 0.001）位置、季节、逐季节的位置、基因型、逐位置的基因型、按季节的基因型和逐位置的季节基因型对感染粪便和鞭状物的相互作用效应。晚季试验的广义遗传力平均为0.89，而早季为0.61，而MP（0.79）高于NPG（0.69），表明晚季MP试验对黑穗病抗性的选择效率更高。基因型显著（p < 0.001）在MP时比在NPG时以及在季末试验中比季初试验中更高的感染粪便和鞭笞。使用MP晚季试验进行黑穗病筛选将提高南非黑穗病抗性育种的效率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

South African Journal of Plant and Soil Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

11.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal has a proud history of publishing quality papers in the fields of applied plant and soil sciences and has, since its inception, recorded a vast body of scientific information with particular reference to South Africa.