Resilience and adaptation of agricultural practice in Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey

IF 1.8 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI:10.1080/00438243.2022.2125058

G. Ayala, A. Bogaard, M. Charles, J. Wainwright

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

ABSTRACT Andrew Sherratt’s ‘Water, soil and seasonality’, World Archaeology (1980), signposted a long-term debate surrounding early farming adaptations to riverine landscapes in western Asia and Europe. Recent research at Çatalhöyük in central Anatolia, a key case study in Sherratt’s ‘floodplain cultivation’ model, enables integrated, evidence-based assessment of the local hydrology and agroecology, and of farmers’ resilience over more than a millennium. In contrast to previous models, the agroecological niche at Çatalhöyük featured strategic planting of diverse crops across a range of hydrological conditions, within and beyond a broad ‘belt’ of small anastomosing river channels extending a kilometre from the site. Growing conditions likely depended on location relative to settlement, a nutrient-rich ‘hot spot’, with diminishing inputs of organic matter and mechanical disturbance away from the tell. This reconstruction contrasts with the original model of ‘floodplain cultivation’ and demonstrates the complexity with which agroecologies evolved through landscape affordances, creative cropping, and resilience.

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土耳其新石器时代Çatalhöyük农业实践的复原力和适应性

摘要：Andrew Sherratt的《水、土壤和季节性》，《世界考古学》（1980），标志着一场围绕西亚和欧洲早期农业对河流景观的适应的长期争论。最近在安纳托利亚中部Çatalhöyük进行的研究是Sherratt“洪泛平原种植”模式中的一项关键案例研究，它能够对当地水文和农业生态以及农民一千多年来的复原力进行综合、循证的评估。与之前的模型相比，Çatalhöyük的农业生态位以在一系列水文条件下战略性种植各种作物为特色，在距离现场一公里的小型网状河道“带”内外。生长条件可能取决于相对于定居点的位置，定居点是一个营养丰富的“热点”，有机物的输入减少，机械干扰远离地表。这种重建与最初的“洪泛平原种植”模式形成了对比，并展示了农业生态通过景观可供性、创造性种植和恢复力演变的复杂性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY ARCHAEOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： World Archaeology was established specifically to deal with archaeology on a world-wide multiperiod basis. Thirty years after it was founded it remains a leader in its field. The first three of the year"s quarterly issues are each dedicated to a particular theme of current interest. The fourth issue, Debates in World Archaeology, is a forum for debate, discussion and comment. All papers adopt a broad comparative approach, looking at important issues on a global scale. The members of the editorial board and the advisory board represent a wide range of interests and expertise and this ensures that the papers published in World Archaeology cover a wide variety of subject areas.