Documenting Emerging Insects, Environmental DNA, and Metal Concentrations in a Small Appalachian Stream

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Northeastern Naturalist Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI:10.1656/045.029.0202

Tara A. Pelletier, Kristina R. Stefaniak, Tessa E. Vigilante, Drew Reavis, Alex Mekus, Donya A. Mohamed, J. Lau

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract - Accurately documenting aquatic insects is of the utmost importance given recent proposals for a paradigm shift in conservation to protect less-charismatic species that are necessary for ecosystem functioning. We used both field techniques and molecular methods to assess biodiversity in a stream in southwest Virginia. We used emergence traps to collect organisms that emerged from the stream as reproducing adults over a 4-week period and collected environmental samples (e.g., water, sediment) to sequence the DNA found in the samples. Emerging aquatic insect abundance, richness, and diversity increased over time. More family richness was detected using environmental DNA (eDNA) than traditional field sampling; however, many families detected using field techniques were not recovered using eDNA, furthering support that both protocols are necessary for fully documenting biodiversity. We did not have much success in identifying eDNA sequences to species with high sequence similarity, suggesting that invertebrate biodiversity of southwest Virginia is not well-documented in open-source DNA sequence databases. In addition to documenting insect biodiversity, we measured the levels of heavy metals in the stream sediment. Sediment values for cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury and lead were within regulatory limits and were not significantly correlated with biodiversity measures.

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记录阿巴拉契亚小溪流中新出现的昆虫、环境DNA和金属浓度

摘要:准确记录水生昆虫是至关重要的，因为最近提出了保护模式的转变，以保护生态系统功能所必需的不那么有魅力的物种。我们使用现场技术和分子方法来评估弗吉尼亚州西南部一条溪流的生物多样性。在4周的时间里，我们使用出现陷阱收集从溪流中出现的作为繁殖成虫的生物，并收集环境样本(例如水、沉积物)对样本中发现的DNA进行测序。新兴水生昆虫的丰度、丰富度和多样性随着时间的推移而增加。环境DNA (eDNA)比传统的田间取样检测到更多的家族丰富度;然而，许多使用现场技术检测到的家族没有使用eDNA恢复，进一步支持这两种方案对于充分记录生物多样性是必要的。我们在鉴定具有高序列相似性的物种的eDNA序列方面没有取得很大的成功，这表明弗吉尼亚西南部无脊椎动物的生物多样性在开放的DNA序列数据库中没有得到很好的记录。除了记录昆虫的生物多样性，我们还测量了河流沉积物中重金属的含量。沉积物中镉、铬、铜、汞和铅的含量均在规定范围内，与生物多样性措施的相关性不显著。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Northeastern Naturalist 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

1.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

18-36 weeks

期刊介绍： The Northeastern Naturalist covers all aspects of the natural history sciences of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine organisms and the environments of the northeastern portion of North America, roughly bounded from Virginia to Missouri, north to Minnesota and Nunavut, east to Newfoundland, and south back to Virginia. Manuscripts based on field studies outside of this region that provide information on species within this region may be considered at the Editor’s discretion. The journal welcomes manuscripts based on observations and research focused on the biology of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine organisms and communities as it relates to their life histories and their function within, use of, and adaptation to the environment and the habitats in which they are found, as well as on the ecology and conservation of species and habitats. Such studies may encompass measurements, surveys, and/or experiments in the field, under lab conditions, or utilizing museum and herbarium specimens. Subject areas include, but are not limited to, anatomy, behavior, biogeography, biology, conservation, evolution, ecology, genetics, parasitology, physiology, population biology, and taxonomy. Strict lab, modeling, and simulation studies on natural history aspects of the region, without any field component, will be considered for publication as long as the research has direct and clear significance to field naturalists and the manuscript discusses these implications.