Facial Mimicry and Social Context Affect Smile Interpretation

IF 1.2 3区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Anna B. Orlowska, Magdalena Rychlowska, P. Szarota, Eva G. Krumhuber
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Theoretical accounts and empirical research suggest that people use various sources of information, including sensorimotor simulation and social context, while judging emotional displays. However, the evidence on how those factors can interplay is limited. The present research tested whether social context information has a greater impact on perceivers’ smile judgments when mimicry is experimentally restricted. In Study 1, participants watched images of affiliative smiles presented with verbal descriptions of situations associated with happiness or politeness. Half the participants could freely move their faces while rating the extent to which the smiles communicated affiliation, whereas for the other half mimicry was restricted via a pen-in-mouth procedure. As predicted, smiles were perceived as more affiliative when the social context was polite than when it was happy. Importantly, the effect of context information was significantly larger among participants who could not freely mimic the facial expressions. Study 2 replicated these findings, thereby controlling for empathy and mood, and showed that social context also influences smile discrimination. Together, the findings extend the evidence on the role of verbal information in the interpretation of facial expressions and suggest that mimicry importantly modulates the impact of social context information on smile perception.
面部模仿与社会语境对微笑解读的影响
理论解释和实证研究表明,人们在判断情绪表现时使用了各种信息来源,包括感觉运动模拟和社会背景。然而,关于这些因素如何相互作用的证据是有限的。本研究测试了当模仿受到实验限制时,社会背景信息是否对感知者的微笑判断有更大的影响。在研究1中,参与者观看了与幸福或礼貌相关的情景的口头描述所呈现的亲密微笑的图像。一半的参与者可以自由地移动他们的脸,同时评估微笑传达隶属关系的程度,而另一半的参与者则通过嘴上写的程序来限制模仿。正如预测的那样,当社交环境礼貌时,微笑比快乐时更具亲和力。重要的是,在无法自由模仿面部表情的参与者中,上下文信息的影响要大得多。研究2复制了这些发现,从而控制了移情和情绪,并表明社会环境也影响微笑歧视。总之,这些发现扩展了言语信息在面部表情解释中的作用的证据,并表明模仿在很大程度上调节了社会背景信息对微笑感知的影响。
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来源期刊
Journal of Nonverbal Behavior
Journal of Nonverbal Behavior PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
9.50%
发文量
27
期刊介绍: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior presents peer-reviewed original theoretical and empirical research on all major areas of nonverbal behavior. Specific topics include paralanguage, proxemics, facial expressions, eye contact, face-to-face interaction, and nonverbal emotional expression, as well as other subjects which contribute to the scientific understanding of nonverbal processes and behavior.
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