{"title":"REVIEW ARTIKEL: AKTIVITAS ENZIM AMILASE DARI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT (KARAKTERISTIK DAN APLIKASI)","authors":"Burhan Ramadhan, P. R. Wikandari","doi":"10.26740/ujc.v10n2.p109-120","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak. Aktivitas enzim adalah kemampuan enzim dalam mengubah sejumlah mol substrat menjadi produk per satuan waktu. Salah satu enzim yang memiliki aktivitas enzim adalah amilase. Amilase adalah enzim ekstraseluler yang mempunyai kemampuan mendegradasi ikatan 1,4-glikosidik pada polimer pati menjadi oligosakarida dengan panjang rantai yang berbeda-beda. Amilase dapat dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme yaitu bakteri asam laktat. Bakteri asam laktat mempunyai kondisi optimum meliputi suhu, pH, substrat dan waktu inkubasi untuk menghasilkan aktivitas enzim amilase secara maksimum. Secara umum bakteri asam laktat menghasilkan aktivitas enzim maksimum pada pH asam, suhu ruang, substrat pati dan waktu inkubasi antara 22 - 40 jam yang terjadi pada fase log dan fase stasioner. Selain itu, amilase yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri asam laktat juga memiliki aktivitas enzim secara maksimumyang terjadi pada kondisi optimum yaitu pada pH 4 - 6 dan suhu 40 - 50oC. Karakteristik amilase yang memiliki kondisi optimum spesifik, membuat amilase yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri asam laktat dapat diterapkan pada bidang industri, terutama dalam mendegradasi pati. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, maka review artikel ilmiah ini mengulas tentang (1) kondisi optimum bakteri asam laktat dalam menghasilkan aktivitas enzim amilase secara maksimum (2) karakteristik enzim amilase dari bakteri asam laktat dan (3) Aplikasi enzim amilase dari bakteri asam laktat di bidangindustri.Kata kunci: enzim amilase, bakteri asam laktat, karakteristik enzim amilase dan aplikasi. \nAbstract. Enzyme activity is the ability of the enzyme to convert a number of moles of substrate into products per unit time. One of the enzymes that have enzyme activity is amylase. Amylase is an extracellular enzyme that has the ability to degrade 1,4-glycosidic bonds in starch polymers into oligosaccharides with different chain lengths. Amylase can be produced by microorganisms, namely lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria have optimum conditions including temperature, pH, substrate and incubation time to produce maximum amylase enzyme activity. In general, lactic acid bacteria produce maximum enzyme activity at acidic pH, room temperature, starch substrate and incubation time between 22 - 40 hours which occurs in the log phase and the stationary phase. In addition, the amylase produced by lactic acid bacteria also has maximum enzyme activity that occurs at optimum conditions, namely at pH 4-6 and temperatures of 40-50oC. The characteristics of amylase which have specific optimum conditions make the amylase produced by lactic acid bacteria applicable in industrial fields, especially in degrading starch. Based on the description above, the review of this scientific article reviews (1) the optimum conditions of lactic acid bacteria in producing maximum amylase enzyme activity (2) the characteristics of the amylase enzyme from lactic acid bacteria and (3) the application of the amylase enzyme from lactic acid bacteria in the industrial sector.Keywords: enzyme amylase, lactat acid bacteria, characterization enzyme amylase and application","PeriodicalId":53369,"journal":{"name":"UNESA Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"UNESA Journal of Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.26740/ujc.v10n2.p109-120","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Abstrak. Aktivitas enzim adalah kemampuan enzim dalam mengubah sejumlah mol substrat menjadi produk per satuan waktu. Salah satu enzim yang memiliki aktivitas enzim adalah amilase. Amilase adalah enzim ekstraseluler yang mempunyai kemampuan mendegradasi ikatan 1,4-glikosidik pada polimer pati menjadi oligosakarida dengan panjang rantai yang berbeda-beda. Amilase dapat dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme yaitu bakteri asam laktat. Bakteri asam laktat mempunyai kondisi optimum meliputi suhu, pH, substrat dan waktu inkubasi untuk menghasilkan aktivitas enzim amilase secara maksimum. Secara umum bakteri asam laktat menghasilkan aktivitas enzim maksimum pada pH asam, suhu ruang, substrat pati dan waktu inkubasi antara 22 - 40 jam yang terjadi pada fase log dan fase stasioner. Selain itu, amilase yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri asam laktat juga memiliki aktivitas enzim secara maksimumyang terjadi pada kondisi optimum yaitu pada pH 4 - 6 dan suhu 40 - 50oC. Karakteristik amilase yang memiliki kondisi optimum spesifik, membuat amilase yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri asam laktat dapat diterapkan pada bidang industri, terutama dalam mendegradasi pati. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, maka review artikel ilmiah ini mengulas tentang (1) kondisi optimum bakteri asam laktat dalam menghasilkan aktivitas enzim amilase secara maksimum (2) karakteristik enzim amilase dari bakteri asam laktat dan (3) Aplikasi enzim amilase dari bakteri asam laktat di bidangindustri.Kata kunci: enzim amilase, bakteri asam laktat, karakteristik enzim amilase dan aplikasi.
Abstract. Enzyme activity is the ability of the enzyme to convert a number of moles of substrate into products per unit time. One of the enzymes that have enzyme activity is amylase. Amylase is an extracellular enzyme that has the ability to degrade 1,4-glycosidic bonds in starch polymers into oligosaccharides with different chain lengths. Amylase can be produced by microorganisms, namely lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria have optimum conditions including temperature, pH, substrate and incubation time to produce maximum amylase enzyme activity. In general, lactic acid bacteria produce maximum enzyme activity at acidic pH, room temperature, starch substrate and incubation time between 22 - 40 hours which occurs in the log phase and the stationary phase. In addition, the amylase produced by lactic acid bacteria also has maximum enzyme activity that occurs at optimum conditions, namely at pH 4-6 and temperatures of 40-50oC. The characteristics of amylase which have specific optimum conditions make the amylase produced by lactic acid bacteria applicable in industrial fields, especially in degrading starch. Based on the description above, the review of this scientific article reviews (1) the optimum conditions of lactic acid bacteria in producing maximum amylase enzyme activity (2) the characteristics of the amylase enzyme from lactic acid bacteria and (3) the application of the amylase enzyme from lactic acid bacteria in the industrial sector.Keywords: enzyme amylase, lactat acid bacteria, characterization enzyme amylase and application