Functional and semantic features of the infinitive in first aid and personal hygiene instructions in english and russian

Abstract

The aim of the work is to study and compare the functional and semantic features of English and Russian infinitives in first aid and personal hygiene instructions. The paper uses such research methods as contextual-semantic analysis, which determines the semantics of words and their mutual influence in the context; structural-semantic analysis, based on the idea of the unity of form and content at the level of language and speech; comparative analysis, aimed at identifying similarities and differences in structures, as well as genre-content characteristics due to the linguistic and cultural features of languages. As a result of the study, the authors came to the following conclusions. Functional and semantic features of the use of the infinitive in this type of medical instruction are determined by the genre specifics of these texts. The use of the infinitive in the instructions of this type is manifested to a different extent that is explained by the different grammatical systems of the languages and the wider use of causative verbs in the Russian language, in the first-person sentences.