A Note on Morphological Changes in Kaxabu

IF 0.4 3区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

OCEANIC LINGUISTICS Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI:10.1353/ol.2023.0006

H. Lim, Elizabeth Zeitoun

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract:Kaxabu is an Austronesian language of Taiwan with fewer than ten speakers, all of whom are over the age of seventy and mainly use Taiwanese Southern Min in daily life. A number of morphological changes are observed. The affixes 'perfective' and ta- … -i 'hortative' have become fossilized and have been replaced by other more productive lexical or morphosyntactic processes. Reflexes of the Proto-Austronesian monosyllabic suffixes *-en 'uvp',*-an 'uvl', and *-i 'imp/dep.uvl' have become clitics while the disyllabic prefixes pa-ka- 'caus (stat)' (reconstructed at the PAn level as *pa-ka-) and ma-ti- 'wear (av)' now also occur as (function/content) words paka 'cause, make' and mati 'wear'. The aim of this paper is to examine these morphological changes, and more specifically, affix fossilization, which constitutes the last step of grammaticalization in paradigmaticity and deaffixation, which is an instance of degrammaticalization. These two processes are quite opposite and result from two concomitant factors which are causing language change: (i) language obsolescence, which indu ces fossilization, and (ii) language contact with Taiwanese Southern Min, which causes deaffixation.Based on these findings, we demonstrate that Kaxabu uses syntactic processes more, and morphological processes less than other Formosan languages, and that it is changing from an agglutinating language to a more isolating language.

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关于卡沙布的形态学变化的一点注记

摘要：客家语是台湾南岛语族，使用者不到十人，年龄均在七十岁以上，日常生活中主要使用闽南语。观察到许多形态变化。词缀“完成词”和ta…-i“短音”已经石化，并被其他更具生产力的词汇或形态句法过程所取代。原南岛单音节后缀*-en'uvp'、*-an'uvl'和*-i'imp/dep.uvl'的反式已经成为集团词，而双音节前缀paka-'caus（stat）'（在PAn级别重建为*paka-）和ma-ti-'wear（av）'现在也作为（功能/内容）单词paka'cause，make'和mati'wear'出现。本文的目的是研究这些形态变化，更具体地说，词缀石化，它构成了语法化的最后一步，即语法化和去语法化，这是一个去语法化的例子。这两个过程是完全相反的，是导致语言变化的两个伴随因素造成的：（i）语言过时，导致僵化；（ii）与闽南语的语言接触，导致脱附。基于这些发现，我们证明了与其他台湾语言相比，卡沙布语更多地使用句法过程，更少地使用形态过程，并且它正在从一种粘着语言转变为一种更孤立的语言。

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来源期刊

OCEANIC LINGUISTICS LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS-

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

44.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： Oceanic Linguistics is the only journal devoted exclusively to the study of the indigenous languages of the Oceanic area and parts of Southeast Asia. The thousand-odd languages within the scope of the journal are the aboriginal languages of Australia, the Papuan languages of New Guinea, and the languages of the Austronesian (or Malayo-Polynesian) family. Articles in Oceanic Linguistics cover issues of linguistic theory that pertain to languages of the area, report research on historical relations, or furnish new information about inadequately described languages.