Asthma Control Level and Relating Socio-Demographic Factors in Hospital Admissions

Gönül Yalçınkaya, M. Kılıç
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Abstract

Purpose: Asthma is one of the serious public health problems that we face today and the rate of complete control is very low. This study aims to determine the level of asthma control and its relationship with socio-demographic factors in asthma patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2020-April 2021 among people aged 18-64 who applied to the hospital and were not diagnosed with asthma. The data of the research were made with the personal information form, ACT (asthma control test). ACT is a questionnaire consisting of 5 questions. Patients rate each question between one and five points. The total score of the five questions forms the test result. If the total score is 25, it is considered as full control, 24-20 as partial control, and ≤19 as not under control. In the research, 206 people participated. Results: Of the participants, 60.7% were female, 60.2% had a family history of asthma, 94.2% of them used asthma medication, and the average age was 45.7±13.85. In the last 12 years, 50.5% of asthma patients stated that they applied to the emergency department due to respiratory problems, and 23.3% were hospitalized due to these problems. It was determined that 78.6% of asthma patients were not under control, 21.4% were under partial control, and there was no patient under full control. The mean age (48.8) and body mass index (BMI) (29.4) of those whose asthma was not under control were higher than those with partial control (32.2 and 24.7, respectively) (p<0.001). It has been determined that the probability of asthma not being controlled increases as age and BMI increase, and life satisfaction decreases, and it is higher in quit smokers than in current smokers (p<0.05). Conclusion: Asthma is largely uncontrolled. The rate of uncontrolled asthma increases with increasing age and BMI. Patients with high BMI should be supported to lose weight and should be directed to exercise.
住院患者哮喘控制水平及相关社会人口学因素
目的:哮喘是我们今天面临的严重公共卫生问题之一,完全控制率很低。本研究旨在确定哮喘患者的哮喘控制水平及其与社会人口学因素的关系。方法:这项横断面研究于2020年11月至2021年4月在18-64岁的人群中进行,这些人群向医院提出申请,但未被诊断为哮喘。研究数据采用个人信息表ACT(哮喘控制测试)。ACT是一份由5个问题组成的问卷。患者对每个问题的评分在1到5分之间。五道题的总分构成了考试结果。如果总分为25分,则视为完全控制,24-20分为部分控制,≤19分为未控制。206人参与了这项研究。结果:在参与者中,60.7%为女性,60.2%有哮喘家族史,94.2%使用哮喘药物,平均年龄为45.7±13.85岁。在过去12年中,50.5%的哮喘患者表示,他们因呼吸系统问题申请了急诊科,23.3%的患者因这些问题住院。经测定,78.6%的哮喘患者未得到控制,21.4%的患者得到部分控制,没有患者得到完全控制。哮喘未得到控制者的平均年龄(48.8)和体重指数(BMI)(29.4)高于部分控制者(分别为32.2和24.7)(p<0.001),并且戒烟者的哮喘发生率高于现在的吸烟者(p<0.05)。结论:哮喘在很大程度上没有得到控制。哮喘失控率随着年龄和BMI的增加而增加。应支持高BMI患者减肥,并指导其进行锻炼。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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