Military Flights Threaten the Wilderness Soundscapes of the Olympic Peninsula, Washington

IF 0.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY
L. Kuehne, J. Olden
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Abstract Noise from military aircraft over the Olympic Peninsula (Washington, USA), has increased in recent years with changes in operations from nearby facilities. Further increases in training activities are proposed, but lack of any data that describe current noise levels has hindered assessment of impacts on humans and wildlife. Over a one-year period, we monitored three primary and two supplemental sites to document current noise contributions of military aircraft to the soundscape. We found that currently, 88% of audible air traffic is military. Flight training activities were concentrated during weekdays and in daytime hours, with hourly percent time audible averaging 14 to 42%. The duration of time that military aircraft were audible in any hour was correlated across sites up to 51 km apart, and the site outside the operations area experienced substantial noise, signifying a noise footprint extending well beyond the operations area. Maximum loudness of flyover events exceeded 82 dBA (A-weighted sound pressure level), and a median increase of 3 to 4 dBA (i.e., a doubling of existing acoustic energy) from ambient periods was typical in most sites and seasons. Comparison of spectral power densities indicates that military aircraft largely impact frequencies below 1.2 kHz, averaging a 20-dB increase (i.e., quadrupling of loudness) in this frequency range compared with ambient samples. Our results demonstrate that changes in military operations will play a dominant role in dictating the future soundscape of the Olympic Peninsula, and offer an empirical basis for inquiry into how the proposed increases will impact people and wildlife in this region.
军事飞行威胁到华盛顿奥林匹克半岛的荒野音景
近年来,随着附近设施的操作变化,奥林匹克半岛(美国华盛顿)上空军用飞机的噪音有所增加。建议进一步增加培训活动,但缺乏描述当前噪音水平的任何数据,阻碍了对人类和野生动物影响的评估。在一年的时间里,我们监测了三个主要地点和两个补充地点,以记录军用飞机对声景观的噪音贡献。我们发现,目前88%的可听到的空中交通是军用的。飞行训练活动集中在工作日和白天,每小时可听百分比时间平均为14% ~ 42%。军用飞机在任何一小时内可听到的持续时间在相距51公里的地点之间是相关的,在行动区外的地点经历了大量噪音,这表明噪音足迹远远超出了行动区。在大多数地点和季节,立交事件的最大响度超过82 dBA (a加权声压级),与环境周期相比,平均增加3 ~ 4 dBA(即现有声能的两倍)是典型的。频谱功率密度的比较表明,军用飞机主要影响1.2 kHz以下的频率,与环境样本相比,在该频率范围内平均增加20 db(即响度增加四倍)。我们的研究结果表明,军事行动的变化将在决定奥林匹克半岛未来的声景观中发挥主导作用,并为研究拟议的增加将如何影响该地区的人类和野生动物提供实证基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Northwest Science
Northwest Science 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: The pages of Northwest Science are open to original and fundamental research in the basic, applied, and social sciences. All submissions are refereed by at least two qualified peer reviewers. Papers are welcome from authors outside of the Pacific Northwest if the topic is suitable to our regional audience.
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