Positive Anti-HIV ELISA Results in Pregnancy: Is It Reliable?

Q2 Medicine

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology Pub Date : 2022-02-16 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2022/1157793

Emrah Güler, Ayşe Arıkan, Mariam Abobakr, Murat Sayan, Kaya Süer, Tamer Şanlıdağ

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be transmitted from mothers to their babies during pregnancy, delivery through vaginal fluids or breastfeeding. As false positivity anti-HIV results due to pregnancy could be detected and no relevant study have been reported in Northern Cyprus so far, we aimed to estimate the false anti-HIV positivity rate in pregnant women.

Methods: A total of 11.977 women admitted to Near East University Hospital between 2015 and 2018 were involved. The fourth generation anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA test was carried out by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay. Positive results were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR). SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) Demo Ver 22 program was used for statistical analysis and significance (p<0.05) was measured by Person Chi-Square and Fisher's Exact tests.

Results: Anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA test was positive in 7 (0.3%) of pregnant and 11 (0.1%) of non-pregnant women. HIV RNA was not detected in any pregnant however, was detected in 2 (0.02%) of non pregnant. S/Co titer of pregnant and non pregnant who have positive anti-HIV-test without viral load was x̄=2.68±1.64 (1.34-5.20) and x̄=8.63±7.68 (1.56-20.98) respectively. False positivity was significantly higher in pregnants compared to non-pregnants (p=0.033).

Conclusion: False positivity can be encountered during pregnancy therefore, positive anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA results should be confirmed with molecular techniques before initiating antiretroviral treatment.

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妊娠期抗HIV ELISA阳性结果：可靠吗？

背景：人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）可以在怀孕、分娩或母乳喂养期间从母亲传染给婴儿。由于可以检测到妊娠引起的抗HIV假阳性结果，而且到目前为止，北塞浦路斯还没有相关研究报告，我们旨在估计孕妇的抗HIV阳性率。方法：2015年至2018年间，共有11.977名女性入住近东大学医院。采用化学发光酶免疫法进行第四代抗HIV-1/2 ELISA试验。实时聚合酶链式反应（rt-PCR）证实阳性结果。使用SPSS（社会科学统计软件包）Demo Ver 22程序进行统计分析，并通过Person Chi Square和Fisher精确检验测量显著性（p<0.05）。结果：抗HIV-1/2 ELISA阳性孕妇7例（0.3%），非孕妇11例（0.1%）。在任何孕妇中均未检测到HIV RNA，但在2例（0.02%）非孕妇中检测到。无病毒载量的抗-HIV阳性孕妇和非孕妇的S/Co滴度分别为x̄=2.68±1.64（1.34-5.20）和x \772=8.63±7.68（1.56-20.98）。孕妇的假阳性率明显高于非孕妇（p=0.033）。结论：妊娠期间可能会出现假阳性，因此，在开始抗逆转录病毒治疗之前，应使用分子技术确认抗HIV-1/2 ELISA阳性结果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology Medicine-Obstetrics and Gynecology

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology aims to disseminate new and important information to clinicians and other health care providers, scientists, and researchers involved in the study or treatment of infectious diseases, especially those affecting the female patient. Its ultimate aim is to advance knowledge and encourage research, thereby improving the prevention or diagnosis and treatment of patients affected by such diseases.