{"title":"Performance analysis of parameter estimator on non-linear iterative methods for ultra-wideband positioning","authors":"Chuanyang Wang, Bing He, Liangliang Shi, Weiduo Huang, Liuxu Shan","doi":"10.1080/19479832.2022.2064554","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ultra-wideband is a promising technology in indoor positioning due to its accurate time resolution and good penetration. Since the positioning model is non-linear, iterative methods are often considered for solving the localisation problem. However, the positioning system is prone to become ill-posed. The iterative methods cannot easily converge to a global optimal solution. In this paper, the convergence property of four non-linear iterative methods is analytically reviewed under ill-conditioned configuration. For the iteration, three types of initial values are selected. Experimental results are given to demonstrate that although the barycentre method can converge correctly, it is inefficient with too many iterations. In addition, with a good initial value, the Gauss–Newton method can converge effectively, and it sometimes converges to a false local optimisation solution when selecting a bad initial value. Moreover, both the regularised Gauss–Newton method and closed-form Newton method can converge to the global optimum effectively with fewer iterations. This study shows that the closed-form Newton method has higher efficiency of convergence than the other methods. Meanwhile, to make complete use of measurements available to improve the accuracy, the result of non-iterative method is generally used as the initial value of the iterative method.","PeriodicalId":46012,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Image and Data Fusion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Image and Data Fusion","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19479832.2022.2064554","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"REMOTE SENSING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ultra-wideband is a promising technology in indoor positioning due to its accurate time resolution and good penetration. Since the positioning model is non-linear, iterative methods are often considered for solving the localisation problem. However, the positioning system is prone to become ill-posed. The iterative methods cannot easily converge to a global optimal solution. In this paper, the convergence property of four non-linear iterative methods is analytically reviewed under ill-conditioned configuration. For the iteration, three types of initial values are selected. Experimental results are given to demonstrate that although the barycentre method can converge correctly, it is inefficient with too many iterations. In addition, with a good initial value, the Gauss–Newton method can converge effectively, and it sometimes converges to a false local optimisation solution when selecting a bad initial value. Moreover, both the regularised Gauss–Newton method and closed-form Newton method can converge to the global optimum effectively with fewer iterations. This study shows that the closed-form Newton method has higher efficiency of convergence than the other methods. Meanwhile, to make complete use of measurements available to improve the accuracy, the result of non-iterative method is generally used as the initial value of the iterative method.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Image and Data Fusion provides a single source of information for all aspects of image and data fusion methodologies, developments, techniques and applications. Image and data fusion techniques are important for combining the many sources of satellite, airborne and ground based imaging systems, and integrating these with other related data sets for enhanced information extraction and decision making. Image and data fusion aims at the integration of multi-sensor, multi-temporal, multi-resolution and multi-platform image data, together with geospatial data, GIS, in-situ, and other statistical data sets for improved information extraction, as well as to increase the reliability of the information. This leads to more accurate information that provides for robust operational performance, i.e. increased confidence, reduced ambiguity and improved classification enabling evidence based management. The journal welcomes original research papers, review papers, shorter letters, technical articles, book reviews and conference reports in all areas of image and data fusion including, but not limited to, the following aspects and topics: • Automatic registration/geometric aspects of fusing images with different spatial, spectral, temporal resolutions; phase information; or acquired in different modes • Pixel, feature and decision level fusion algorithms and methodologies • Data Assimilation: fusing data with models • Multi-source classification and information extraction • Integration of satellite, airborne and terrestrial sensor systems • Fusing temporal data sets for change detection studies (e.g. for Land Cover/Land Use Change studies) • Image and data mining from multi-platform, multi-source, multi-scale, multi-temporal data sets (e.g. geometric information, topological information, statistical information, etc.).