Preemergence Herbicide Premixes Reduce the Risk of Soil Residual Weed Control Failure in Corn

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 AGRONOMY

Weed Technology Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI:10.1017/wet.2023.45

Tatiane Severo Silva, N. Arneson, Ryan DeWerff, Daniel H. Smith, D. V. Silva, R. Werle

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Widespread occurrence of herbicide-resistant weeds and more variable weather conditions across the US has made weed control in many crops more challenging. Preemergence (PRE) herbicides with soil residual activity have resurged as the foundation for early-season weed control in many crops. Field experiments were conducted at Janesville and Lancaster, WI in 2021 and 2022 (4 site-years) to evaluate the weed control efficacy of solo (single site of action [SOA]) and premix (two or more SOAs) PRE herbicides in conventional tillage corn. Treatments consisted of 18 PRE herbicides plus a non-treated check. At Janesville-2021, S-metolachlor + bicyclopyrone + mesotrione, atrazine + S-metolachlor + bicyclopyrone + mesotrione, and clopyralid + acetochlor + mesotrione provided >72% giant ragweed control. At Janesville-2022, none of the PRE herbicides evaluated provided >70% giant ragweed control due to the high giant ragweed density and the lack of timely rainfall. At Lancaster-2021, atrazine, dicamba, and flumetsulam + clopyralid provided <45% waterhemp control, but the remaining treatments provided >90% control. At Lancaster-2022, the efficacy of some PRE herbicides was reduced due to the high waterhemp density; however, most herbicides provided >75% control. At Lancaster-2021 and 2022, only dicamba and S-metolachlor did not provide >75% common lambsquarters control. PRE herbicides containing SOA group 15 provided >75% control of giant foxtail. Across weed species, PRE herbicides with two (78%) and three (81%) SOAs provided higher weed control than PRE herbicides with a single SOA (68%), indicating that at least two SOAs PRE result in better early-season weed control. The efficacy of the PRE herbicide treatments evaluated herein varied according to the soil seed bank weed community composition and environmental conditions (i.e., rainfall following application), but the premixes were a more reliable option to improve early-season weed control in conventional tillage corn.

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苗期前除草剂预混剂降低玉米土壤残杂草控制失败的风险

在美国，抗除草剂杂草的广泛存在和多变的天气条件使得许多作物的杂草控制更具挑战性。具有土壤残留活性的孕前除草剂已重新成为许多作物早季杂草防治的基础。于2021年和2022年(4个站点年)在威斯康星州简斯维尔和兰开斯特进行了现场试验，以评估常规耕作玉米中单独(单点作用[SOA])和预混(两种或多种SOA) PRE除草剂的杂草控制效果。处理包括18种PRE除草剂和一种未经处理的检查。在Janesville-2021, s -甲草胺+双环吡酮+中三甲酮，阿特拉津+ s -甲草胺+双环吡酮+中三甲酮，氯吡胺+乙草胺+中三甲酮的控制效果为0.72%。在Janesville-2022，由于巨型豚草密度高且缺乏及时降雨，评估的PRE除草剂都没有提供70%的巨型豚草控制。在兰开斯特-2021年，阿特拉津、麦草畏和氟美舒仑+氯吡酯提供了90%的控制。在Lancaster-2022上，由于水麻密度高，一些PRE除草剂的药效降低;然而，大多数除草剂的控制效果为75%。在兰开斯特-2021年和2022年，只有麦草畏和s -甲草胺没有提供75%的常见羔羊窝控制。含有SOA组15的PRE除草剂对巨型狐尾草的控制效果为75%。在杂草种类中，含有两个(78%)和三个(81%)SOA的PRE除草剂比含有单个SOA的PRE除草剂(68%)具有更高的杂草控制效果，这表明至少有两个SOA PRE除草剂可以更好地控制早季杂草。PRE除草剂处理的效果根据土壤种子库杂草群落组成和环境条件(即施用后的降雨量)而有所不同，但预混料是改善常规耕作玉米早季杂草控制的更可靠选择。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Weed Technology 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

21.40%

发文量

审稿时长

12-24 weeks

期刊介绍： Weed Technology publishes original research and scholarship in the form of peer-reviewed articles focused on understanding how weeds are managed. The journal focuses on: - Applied aspects concerning the management of weeds in agricultural systems - Herbicides used to manage undesired vegetation, weed biology and control - Weed/crop management systems - Reports of new weed problems -New technologies for weed management and special articles emphasizing technology transfer to improve weed control -Articles dealing with plant growth regulators and management of undesired plant growth may also be accepted, provided there is clear relevance to weed science technology, e.g., turfgrass or woody plant management along rights-of-way, vegetation management in forest, aquatic, or other non-crop situations. -Surveys, education, and extension topics related to weeds will also be considered