University-supported job search methods and educational mismatch in bachelor's and master's graduates

IF 3.2 3区管理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

Education and Training Pub Date : 2023-01-19 DOI:10.1108/et-04-2022-0144

Cecilia Albert, M. A. Davia

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

PurposeThis paper addresses the relevance of job search methods and strategies in determining vertical mismatch and the risk of underusing skills or knowledge in first jobs amongst graduates from bachelor's and master's programmes in Spain. Support from universities (via internships and career services) is compared to support from public institutions and informal strategies.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the 2019 University Graduate Job Placement Survey. The dependent variables are estimated with a bivariate probit model with sample selection on a subsample of graduates who were not working at graduation.FindingsInternships and university career employment offices significantly improve the quality of first job matches. Job banks and public examinations also contribute to finding well-matched first positions, while for public employment services, results are mixed. When the job search is not supported by institutions, graduates generally do worse finding their first jobs, particularly when temporary employment agencies are involved. There are also large differences in mismatch risks across fields of study.Practical implicationsIf more graduates found their first jobs through internships and university job placement services, educational mismatch rates would decrease substantially. Further collaboration between universities and employers for the provision of high-quality internships may foster their conversion into regular, well-matched jobs. Industrial policies addressed to knowledge-based economic activities would enhance the creation of highly skilled positions. Further orientation towards STEM degrees is required to improve imbalances between supply and demand for graduate labour in Spain.Originality/valueEvidence about education mismatch among master's degree graduates is very scarce. This paper compares them to bachelor's degree graduates. It addresses two complementary types of education mismatch and takes into account potential self-selection into post-graduation job search.

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大学支持的求职方式和本科与硕士毕业生的学历不匹配

目的:本文讨论了在确定垂直不匹配和在西班牙学士和硕士课程毕业生的第一份工作中未充分使用技能或知识的风险方面的求职方法和策略的相关性。来自大学的支持(通过实习和职业服务)与来自公共机构和非正式战略的支持进行了比较。作者使用了2019年大学毕业生就业调查。因变量用双变量概率模型估计，样本选择在毕业时没有工作的毕业生的子样本上。研究发现:实习和大学职业介绍所显著提高了第一份工作匹配的质量。就业银行和公开考试也有助于找到合适的第一份工作，而公共就业服务的结果则好坏参半。当找工作没有得到机构的支持时，毕业生找第一份工作的情况通常会更糟，尤其是在有临时职业介绍所参与的情况下。不同研究领域的错配风险也存在很大差异。如果更多的毕业生通过实习和大学就业服务找到第一份工作，教育不匹配率将大幅下降。大学和雇主之间进一步合作，提供高质量的实习机会，可能会促进他们转化为定期的、匹配良好的工作。针对以知识为基础的经济活动的工业政策将促进创造高技能职位。需要进一步向STEM学位倾斜，以改善西班牙毕业生劳动力的供需失衡。独创性/价值关于硕士毕业生教育不匹配的证据非常少。本文将他们与本科毕业生进行了比较。它解决了两种互补的教育不匹配类型，并在毕业后找工作时考虑了潜在的自我选择。

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来源期刊

Education and Training EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

13.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Education + Training addresses the increasingly complex relationships between education, training and employment and the impact of these relationships on national and global labour markets. The journal gives specific consideration to young people, looking at how the transition from school/college to employment is achieved and how the nature of partnerships between the worlds of education and work continues to evolve. The journal explores vocationalism in learning and efforts to address employability within the curriculum, together with coverage of innovative themes and initiatives within vocational education and training. The journal is read by policy makers, educators and academics working in a wide range of fields including education, learning and skills development, enterprise and entrepreneurship education and training, induction and career development. Coverage: Managing the transition from school/college to work New initiatives in post 16 vocational education and training Education-Business partnerships and collaboration Links between education and industry The graduate labour market Work experience and placements The recruitment, induction and development of school leavers and graduates Young person employability and career development E learning in further and higher education Research news Reviews of recent publications.