Racial and Economic Stratification on Campus: The Relationship between Luxury Residence Halls, Race, and Academic Outcomes

IF 1.6 4区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
J. Brown, Fred Volk, Joseph M. Kush
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Residence hall design has remained an important topic for higher education professionals, but recently it has garnered attention from audiences beyond the postsecondary sector, including policymakers, donors, and media. In the competitive realm of enrollment management, luxury residence hall designs that emphasize high-end amenities and private rooms are vital in attracting certain prospective students (McClure, 2019). The design of luxury residence halls has created tension between the ideals of equitable educational experiences and increased competition to attract enrollment, as such facilities are often priced beyond the financial reach of students whose presence is essential to creating a diverse educational experience for all students. Rather than creating a more diverse environment, residence hall design has been shown to promote racial and economic stratification in living spaces (Foste, 2021). One form of racialized pattern in student housing is homophily, which is the grouping of students by race or class that permits (or limits) opportunities to interact with persons “like me” (McPherson et al., 2001). Yet, interacting with others of a similar race and economic background has been shown to result in better academic outcomes (Brown et al., 2019). Some researchers found residence hall design played no role in college experiences (Bronkema & Bowman, 2017), while others found isolating designs to be less conducive to flourishing and associated with poorer academic outcomes for Black students when examining Black/White differences (Brown et al., 2019). As university leaders face pressures to increase enrollment, some have allocated millions of dollars to attracting students using a new type of luxury residence hall design— hybrid luxury—that combines high-end amenities and high socialization design (Cramer, 2021; Eligon, 2013). While hybrid luxury halls emphasize added amenities such as coffee lounges, co-working spaces, and exclusive residentonly fitness studios, they also incorporate certain design elements to strategically increase patterns of student socialization. What remains unknown is (a) how emerging hybrid luxury designs may be associated with academic outcomes and (b) whether student academic outcomes differed in other forms of residence hall designs conditioned on race and homophily Research in Brief Jason C. Garvey, executive associate editor
校园里的种族和经济分层:豪华宿舍、种族和学术成果之间的关系
宿舍设计一直是高等教育专业人士的一个重要话题,但最近它引起了包括政策制定者、捐助者和媒体在内的高等教育领域以外受众的关注。在竞争激烈的招生管理领域,强调高端设施和私人房间的豪华宿舍设计对于吸引某些潜在学生至关重要(McClure,2019)。豪华宿舍的设计在公平教育体验的理想和吸引入学的竞争之间产生了紧张关系,因为这些设施的价格往往超出了学生的经济承受能力,而学生的存在对于为所有学生创造多样化的教育体验至关重要。住宅大厅的设计并没有创造一个更加多样化的环境,而是促进了生活空间中的种族和经济分层(Foste,2021)。学生住房中的一种种族化模式是同质性,即按种族或阶级对学生进行分组,这允许(或限制)与“像我一样”的人互动的机会(McPherson等人,2001)。然而,与具有类似种族和经济背景的其他人互动已被证明会带来更好的学术成果(Brown等人,2019)。一些研究人员发现,宿舍设计在大学体验中没有起到任何作用(Bronkema&Bowman,2017),而另一些研究人员则发现,在研究黑人/白人差异时,孤立的设计不太利于黑人学生的繁荣,并与黑人学生较差的学业成绩有关(Brown等人,2019)。由于大学领导面临着增加入学人数的压力,一些大学已经拨款数百万美元,使用一种新型的豪华住宅大厅设计——混合豪华——吸引学生,这种设计结合了高端设施和高度社会化的设计(Cramer,2021;Eligon,2013)。虽然混合豪华大厅强调增加的便利设施,如咖啡休息室、共同工作空间和专属的仅供居民使用的健身工作室,但它们也融入了某些设计元素,以战略性地增加学生的社交模式。尚不清楚的是(a)新兴的混合豪华设计如何与学术成果联系在一起,以及(b)学生的学术成果是否与其他形式的基于种族和同性恋的宿舍设计不同
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
14.30%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: Published six times per year for the American College Personnel Association.Founded in 1959, the Journal of College Student Development has been the leading source of research about college students and the field of student affairs for over four decades. JCSD is the largest empirical research journal in the field of student affairs and higher education, and is the official journal of the American College Personnel Association.
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