Effect of module operating temperature on module efficiency in photovoltaic modules and recovery of photovoltaic module heat by thermoelectric effect

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI:10.18186/thermal.1243519

Ramazan KAYABAŞI1, Metin Kaya

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

One of the parameters affecting the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) modules and PV systems is the temperature. The factors that increase the temperature in PV modules cause loss of efficiency. In this study, experiments have been conducted with the aim of re ducing the module temperature. For this purpose, four polycrystalline and four monocrystalline PV modules, all with the same features, were used. A pair of polycrystalline and monocrystalline modules were used as reference modules. The aim of this study is to reduce the operating temperature of the modules, while also decreasing the transient temperature fluctuations in the system, in order to prevent the loss of efficiency. For this reason, current, voltage and power values of PV modules have been examined and the relationship between these values and module temperature has been explained. As a result, temperature values were measured at 30-80°C in reference modules, 30-50°C in heat pipe modules, 30-37°C in modules using heat pipes and phase-changing material, and 30-66°C in modules using phase-changing material with flexible surfaces. If the PV module operating temperature is increased by 35°C, the module efficiency decreases by 10%. Heat pipe and PCM balance the temperature in PV/T/PCM monocrystalline and polycrystalline modules. In PV/T/PCM modules, efficiency loss caused by temperature increase is 1%. In addition, electrical energy is produced from the heat accumulated on the surface of the PV module by means of Thermoelectric Generator (TEG). When the temperature difference between the surfaces is 15°C, the naturally cooled TE provides 0.45V energy output, while the forced-cooled TEG provides 0.97V energy output. As the temperature gap between the surfaces increases, the voltage and current values of the TEG also increase. Briefly, TEG’s power values increase up to 5W depending on the temperature gap between surfaces.

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光伏组件中组件工作温度对组件效率的影响以及热电效应对光伏组件热量的回收

影响光伏（PV）模块和光伏系统效率的参数之一是温度。光伏组件中温度升高的因素会导致效率损失。在本研究中，进行了旨在降低模块温度的实验。为此，使用了四个多晶和四个单晶光伏组件，它们都具有相同的特性。使用一对多晶和单晶模块作为参考模块。本研究的目的是降低模块的工作温度，同时减少系统中的瞬态温度波动，以防止效率损失。因此，已经检查了PV模块的电流、电压和功率值，并解释了这些值与模块温度之间的关系。因此，参考模块在30-80°C、热管模块在30-50°C、使用热管和相变材料的模块在30-37°C以及使用具有柔性表面的相变材料的组件在30-66°C下测量温度值。如果光伏组件工作温度升高35°C，组件效率将降低10%。热管和PCM平衡了PV/T/PCM单晶和多晶模块的温度。在PV/T/PCM模块中，温度升高导致的效率损失为1%。此外，电能是通过热电发电机（TEG）从光伏组件表面积聚的热量中产生的。当表面之间的温差为15°C时，自然冷却的TE提供0.45V的能量输出，而强制冷却的TEG提供0.97V的能量输出。随着表面之间的温度间隙增加，TEG的电压和电流值也增加。简而言之，TEG的功率值根据表面之间的温度间隙增加到5W。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.