Influence of uneven blade tip clearances on aeroacoustic characteristics of centrifugal compressors

Abstract

The blade tip clearance is a crucial factor in the compressor performance and the aeroacoustics. There are usually main blades and splitter blades, two different types of blades in centrifugal compressors. Keeping almost the same work input, three different tip clearance configurations were designed in which the tip clearance gaps of main blades and splitter blades were uneven. Then experimental investigations were carried out to study the influence of uneven tip clearances on the aeroacoustic characteristics of centrifugal compressors. The results showed that larger main blade tip clearances or larger splitter blade tip clearances would induce rotating instabilities (RI) near flow instability boundary at low rotating speeds. However, the broadband noises below the blade passing frequency (BPF) in the case with uneven blade tip clearances were suppressed significantly which might be due to the incongruous interaction between the tip clearance leakage flows of main blades and splitter blades. In addition, the blade nonsynchronous vibrations (NSV) were observed in the analysis of the frequency spectrum of far-field noise in the case which had smaller main blade tip clearances and larger splitter blade tip clearances. Based on the jet core feedback theory, a physical explanation was given for NSV occurred in this case.