Snake venom toxins targeting the central nervous system

IF 3.3 4区医学 Q2 TOXICOLOGY

Toxin Reviews Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI:10.1080/15569543.2022.2084418

Amitava Talukdar, Priya Maddhesiya, Nima D. Namsa, Robin Doley

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Abstract Snake venom is a blend of bioactive proteins, polypeptides, and various other substances with toxic and lethal properties that are known to modulate varied physiological and biological systems. During envenomation, venom toxins primarily target the hemostatic and nervous system for effective immobilization or death of the prey. The central (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are targeted through neuroreceptors, synaptic membranes, and critical ion channels, and some of these toxins also penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Despite its vital role and influence on the central nervous system, there exist limited information on the role of venom proteins and peptides associated with the manifestations of neurotoxicity. This review attempts to update the reader on the mechanism of direct and indirect interactions of snake venom protein (s) in the central nervous system as well as its effects on the physiology and behavior of the envenomated prey. Further, the role of these snake venom peptides in the field of neuropathic pain and neurodegenerative diseases has been reviewed for their therapeutic potential. Future investigations may provide valuable information to study the detailed mechanisms of such interactions to identify novel targets for the development of therapeutic interventions.

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针对中枢神经系统的蛇毒毒素

摘要蛇毒是一种生物活性蛋白质、多肽和各种其他具有毒性和致命性的物质的混合物，已知这些物质可以调节各种生理和生物系统。在毒液形成过程中，毒液毒素主要针对止血和神经系统，以有效固定猎物或使其死亡。中枢神经系统（CNS）和外周神经系统（PNS）是通过神经受体、突触膜和关键离子通道靶向的，其中一些毒素也会穿透血脑屏障。尽管毒液对中枢神经系统具有重要作用和影响，但关于毒液蛋白和肽与神经毒性表现相关的作用的信息有限。这篇综述试图向读者介绍蛇毒蛋白在中枢神经系统中直接和间接相互作用的机制，以及它对被感染猎物的生理和行为的影响。此外，这些蛇毒肽在神经性疼痛和神经退行性疾病领域的作用已被综述为其治疗潜力。未来的研究可能会为研究这种相互作用的详细机制提供有价值的信息，以确定开发治疗干预措施的新靶点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Toxin Reviews 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Toxin Reviews provides an international forum for publishing state-of-the-art reviews and guest-edited single topic special issues covering the multidisciplinary research in the area of toxins derived from animals, plants and microorganisms. Our aim is to publish reviews that are of broad interest and importance to the toxinology as well as other life science communities. Toxin Reviews aims to encourage scientists to highlight the contribution of toxins as research tools in deciphering molecular and cellular mechanisms, and as prototypes of therapeutic agents. Reviews should emphasize the role of toxins in enhancing our fundamental understanding of life sciences, protein chemistry, structural biology, pharmacology, clinical toxinology and evolution. Prominence will be given to reviews that propose new ideas or approaches and further the knowledge of toxinology.