The Challenge of Diagnostic Inferences From Implicit Measures: The Case of Non-Evaluative Influences in the Evaluative Priming Paradigm

IF 1.2 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
C. Unkelbach, K. Fiedler
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Implicit measures are diagnostic tools to assess attitudes and evaluations that people cannot or may not want to report. Diagnostic inferences from such tools are subject to asymmetries. We argue that (causal) conditional probabilities p(AM+|A+) of implicitly measured attitudes AM+ given the causal influence of existing attitudes A+ is typically higher than the reverse (diagnostic) conditional probability p(A+|AM+), due to non-evaluative influences on implicit measures. We substantiate this argument with evidence for non-evaluative influences on evaluative priming—specifically, similarity effects reflecting the higher similarity of positive than negative prime-target pairs; integrativity effects based on primes and targets’ potential to form meaningful semantic compounds; and congruity proportion effects that originate in individuals’ decisional strategies. We also cursorily discuss non-evaluative influences in the Implicit Association Test (IAT). These influences not only have implications for the evaluative priming paradigm in particular, but also highlight the intricacies of diagnostic inferences from implicit measures in general.
来自内隐测量的诊断推断的挑战:评估启动范式中非评估影响的案例
隐性测量是评估人们不能或不愿报告的态度和评价的诊断工具。从这些工具得出的诊断推断是不对称的。我们认为,鉴于现有态度A+的因果影响,内隐测量态度AM+的(因果)条件概率p(AM+|A+)通常高于反向(诊断)条件概率p(A+|AM+),这是由于对内隐测量的非评估性影响。我们用非评价性影响对评价性启动的证据来证实这一论点,具体来说,相似性效应反映了正启动-目标对比负启动-目标对更高的相似性;基于启动词和目标词形成有意义语义复合词潜力的整合效应以及源于个体决策策略的一致性比例效应。我们还粗略地讨论了内隐联想测验(IAT)中的非评价性影响。这些影响不仅对评估启动范式有影响,而且还突出了一般隐性测量的诊断推断的复杂性。
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来源期刊
Social Cognition
Social Cognition PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
23
期刊介绍: An excellent resource for researchers as well as students, Social Cognition features reports on empirical research, self-perception, self-concept, social neuroscience, person-memory integration, social schemata, the development of social cognition, and the role of affect in memory and perception. Three broad concerns define the scope of the journal: - The processes underlying the perception, memory, and judgment of social stimuli - The effects of social, cultural, and affective factors on the processing of information The behavioral and interpersonal consequences of cognitive processes.
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