HETEROPODY INDEX: A SQUARE PEG IN A ROUND HOLE?

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2022-02-22 DOI:10.2110/palo.2021.032

E. Strickson

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract: Heteropody Index (HI) is a tool used to calculate area differences between the manus and pes of fossil trackways. HI uses a simple length × width calculation to estimate area. However, since most foot impressions are rarely close to square in shape, HI using a different area calculation could potentially more accurately reflect differences in manus and pes foot area. In this study, accuracy of length × width (L×W) as an area estimate for basic shapes and animal footprints, was tested against two other area calculations, the area of a circle: πr2, and length × carpal width (L×CW) (the width at the most proximal point of the foot in contact with the ground). In addition, accuracy of HI calculations using these methods was tested against HI calculations using actual area of the corresponding shape or underfoot area. It was discovered that in general L×W is a better estimate for area than πr2, in most animals except ungulates. However, for those animals where L×W was a better estimate than πr2, L×CW was more accurate. This paper additionally proposes that by combining the findings of these tests with those of Strickson et al. (2019), foot area estimates for dinosaurs can be estimated more accurately using L×CW, to return an area close to estimates for soft tissue. Previous HI measurements may have overestimated extreme heteropody in sauropod dinosaurs.

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异足指数:方枘圆凿?

摘要:异足指数(Heteropody Index, HI)是一种用于计算化石足迹种类和手迹之间面积差异的工具。HI使用简单的长×宽计算来估计面积。然而，由于大多数足印很少接近正方形，使用不同面积计算的HI可能更准确地反映手足和脚足面积的差异。在这项研究中，长度×宽度(L×W)作为基本形状和动物足迹的面积估计的准确性，与另外两个面积计算进行了测试，圆的面积πr2和长度×腕宽(L×CW)(脚与地面接触的最近点的宽度)。此外，利用这些方法计算HI的准确性与使用相应形状的实际面积或脚底面积计算HI的准确性进行了测试。人们发现，除了有蹄类动物外，在大多数动物中，L×W是比πr2更好的面积估计值。然而，对于那些L×W比πr2更好估计的动物来说，L×CW更准确。本文还提出，通过将这些测试的结果与Strickson等人(2019)的结果相结合，可以使用L×CW更准确地估计恐龙的足部面积，以返回接近软组织估计的面积。先前的HI测量可能高估了蜥脚类恐龙的极端异足性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.