Proactive and reactive responses to pregnancies resulting from sexual exploitation and abuse: an ecological model based on Haitian survivors’ experiences

IF 0.7 Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Luissa Vahedi, Sabine Lee, Susan A. Bartels
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the lived experience of seeking justice and reparations related to conceiving a peacekeeper-fathered child. Design/methodology/approach Based on 18 semi-structured qualitative interviews conducted across Haiti in 2017, the authors mapped the experiences of Haitian mothers of peacekeeper-fathered children onto the ecological framework, proposing prevention/response strategies at the micro, meso and macro levels. Findings The findings mainly focus on reporting and access to support. Reporting was sometimes discouraged by the peacekeeper fathers due to the fear of being reprimanded. Among women who did report, some were told that nothing could be done, as the peacekeeper returned to his home country. Disclosure fatigue was common among participants who formally reported their pregnancies/peacekeeper-fathered children, particularly when promises of employment or child support failed to materialize. Overall, there was widespread distrust and disillusionment with the UN’s reporting and support system. Originality/value To improve the UN’s sexual abuse and exploitation prevention/response system at the micro level, the authors propose addressing personal knowledge/attitudes/beliefs through scenario-based and contextually relevant peacekeeper training and addressing the sexual/reproductive health needs of women and girls in proximity to peacekeeping bases. At the meso level, the UN should improve trust in reporting. Efforts to do so should include mandatory third-party deoxyribonucleic acid testing and banking, streamlined reporting mechanisms and removing the practice of automatically repatriating implicated peacekeepers. At the macro level, the authors recommend investments to improve educational and economic opportunities for women and girls, as well as revamping policies that contribute to impunity and absolve peacekeepers and troop-contributing countries of their responsibilities to provide child support.
对性剥削和性虐待导致的怀孕采取积极和被动的应对措施:基于海地幸存者经验的生态模式
目的本文旨在分析与怀上维和人员父亲的孩子有关的寻求正义和赔偿的生活经验。基于2017年在海地进行的18次半结构化定性访谈,作者将海地维和人员养育的孩子的母亲的经历映射到生态框架中,提出了微观、中观和宏观层面的预防/应对策略。调查结果主要集中在报告和获得支持方面。由于害怕受到谴责,维和人员的父亲有时不鼓励报道。在报告的妇女中,有些人被告知,当维和人员返回他的祖国时,什么也做不了。在正式报告其怀孕/有维和人员父亲的孩子的参与者中,披露疲劳症很常见,特别是当就业或儿童抚养的承诺未能实现时。总的来说,人们对联合国的报告和支持系统普遍不信任和失望。为了在微观层面上改善联合国的性虐待和性剥削预防/应对系统,作者建议通过基于场景和情境相关的维和人员培训来解决个人知识/态度/信仰问题,并解决维和基地附近妇女和女孩的性健康/生殖健康需求。在中观层面,联合国应提高对报告的信任。这方面的努力应包括强制性第三方脱氧核糖核酸检测和银行、简化报告机制和取消自动遣返涉事维和人员的做法。在宏观层面上,作者建议投资改善妇女和女孩的教育和经济机会,以及修改导致有罪不罚的政策,并免除维和人员和部队派遣国提供儿童抚养的责任。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
32
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