Beautiful Days in the Neighborhood: Land-Atmosphere Interactions as Drivers of Forest Expansion

IF 1.6 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Greta E. M. Shum, M. Laguë, Stephanie S. Rushley, A. Swann
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Abstract

We explore the possible role of plant-atmosphere feedbacks in accelerating forest expansion using a simple example of forest establishment. We use an unconventional experimental design to simulate an initial forest establishment and the subsequent response of climate and nearby vegetation. We find that the forest’s existence produces favorable nearby growing-season conditions that would promote forest expansion. Specifically, we consider a hypothetical region of forest expansion in modern Alaska. We find that the forest acts as a source of heat and moisture for plants to the west, leading them to experience earlier springtime temperatures, snowmelt, and growth. Summertime cooling and cloud formation over the forest also drive a circulation change that reduces summertime cloud cover south of the forest, increasing solar radiation reaching plants there, and driving warming. By isolating these vegetation-atmosphere interactions as the mechanisms of increased growth, we demonstrate the potential for forest expansion to be accelerated in a way that has not been highlighted before. These simulations illuminate two separate mechanisms that lead to increased plant growth nearby: (1) springtime heat advection and (2) summertime cloud feedbacks and circulation changes; both have implications for our understanding of past changes in forest cover and the predictability of biophysical impacts from afforestation projects and climate change-driven forest-cover changes. By examining these feedbacks, we seek to gain a more comprehensive understanding of past and potential future land-atmosphere interactions.
美丽的日子在附近:土地-大气相互作用作为森林扩张的驱动力
我们通过一个简单的森林建立的例子来探讨植物-大气反馈在加速森林扩张中的可能作用。我们使用一种非常规的实验设计来模拟最初的森林建立和随后的气候和附近植被的响应。我们发现森林的存在产生了有利的生长季节条件,这将促进森林的扩张。具体来说,我们考虑一个假设的森林扩张区域在现代阿拉斯加。我们发现,森林为西部的植物提供了热量和水分,使它们经历了更早的春季温度、融雪和生长。夏季的降温和森林上空的云层形成也推动了环流的变化,减少了夏季森林南部的云层覆盖,增加了到达那里的植物的太阳辐射,并推动了变暖。通过将这些植被-大气相互作用作为促进生长的机制,我们证明了森林扩张以一种前所未有的方式加速的潜力。这些模拟揭示了导致附近植物生长增加的两个独立机制:(1)春季热平流和(2)夏季云反馈和环流变化;两者都对我们理解森林覆盖的过去变化以及造林项目和气候变化驱动的森林覆盖变化的生物物理影响的可预测性有影响。通过研究这些反馈,我们寻求对过去和未来潜在的陆地-大气相互作用有更全面的了解。
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来源期刊
Earth Interactions
Earth Interactions 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
5.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Publishes research on the interactions among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, and lithosphere, including, but not limited to, research on human impacts, such as land cover change, irrigation, dams/reservoirs, urbanization, pollution, and landslides. Earth Interactions is a joint publication of the American Meteorological Society, American Geophysical Union, and American Association of Geographers.
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