The Guinardera quarry (Sant Martí de Tous, Barcelona): A new chert exploitation location during historical times

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
B. Gómez de Soler, Miguel Soares-Remiseiro, Andión Arteaga-Brieba, G. Borràs, Javier Cámara, G. Campeny, M. Chacón, J. L. Fernández-Marchena, Vicenç Guinart, G. López, Bàrbara Mas, M. Soto, Alfredo Suesta, Kateryna Shkarinska, Iván Ramírez-Pedraza, Cristina Val-Peón, J. Vallverdú
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

In 2014, an anthropic accumulation of chert material was discovered in La Guinardera area, at the southwest of the Sant Martí de Tous town (Barcelona, NE Iberian Peninsula). In 2018 a first archaeological intervention was carried out in two locations: La Guinardera and La Guinardera Nord. After the fieldworks, these two accumulations were interpreted as chert workshops. These workshops are in the St. Genís Formation, included within La Noguera lacustrine system and dated to the Priabonian age (upper Eocene). The St. Martí de Tous area presents shallow lacustrine conditions typical of sabkha environments, in which layers of gypsums and sandy lutites are interspersed with tabular red sandstone levels, yielding different varieties of chert. The Guinardera chert is characterized by a fairly homogeneous matrix, presenting a fine texture, with a microcrystalline and spherulitic length-slow chalcedony matrix, and a combination of grey colours, in general of dark hues, with an opaque diaphaneity but translucent at the edges. The archaeological assemblage from La Guinardera Nord site allows us to identify a chert workshop for the production of gunflints. The heterogeneity of the assemblage at La Guinardera site precludes assigning it to any single chrono-cultural period or function. The technological characterization of La Guinardera Nord site reveals distinctive attributes of a gunflint workshop that can be differentiated from prehistoric workshops. The presence of square and thick preforms, oxide traces on butts and ventral faces, marked bulbs and thick platforms, together with fresh edges on flakes and blades and the near-absence of patinated materials, corroborate it. The presence of these two deposits within the above-mentioned formation shows us a repeated landscape exploitation pattern for raw material extraction, since references chert use range from the Middle Palaeolithic (e.g., Abric Romaní) to historical times (e.g., La Guinardera Nord).
Guinardera采石场(Sant Martí de Tous,巴塞罗那):历史上一个新的燧石开采地点
2014年,在Sant Martíde Tous镇(巴塞罗那,东北伊比利亚半岛)西南部的La Guinardera地区发现了燧石物质的人类堆积。2018年,在两个地点进行了第一次考古干预:La Guinardera和La Guinardella Nord。在实地工作之后,这两处堆积物被解释为燧石作坊。这些作坊位于圣杰尼斯组,包括在La Noguera湖系中,可追溯到普里亚博阶(上始新世)。St.Martíde Tous地区呈现出典型的sabkha环境的浅湖条件,其中吉普赛人和砂质泥岩层点缀着扁平的红色砂岩层,产生了不同种类的燧石。Guinardera燧石的特征是基质相当均匀,质地细腻,微晶和球晶长度的慢玉髓基质,灰色组合,通常为深色,透明度不透明,但边缘半透明。La Guinardera Nord遗址的考古组合使我们能够确定一个用于生产燧石的燧石作坊。La Guinardera遗址的组合具有异质性,因此无法将其划分为任何单一的时间文化时期或功能。La Guinardera Nord遗址的技术特征揭示了燧石作坊的独特特征,可以与史前作坊区分开来。方形和厚的预制坯、烟蒂和腹面上的氧化物痕迹、有标记的球茎和厚平台,以及薄片和叶片上的新鲜边缘,以及几乎没有铜绿物质的存在,都证实了这一点。上述地层中这两个沉积物的存在向我们展示了一种重复的原材料提取景观开发模式,因为参考燧石的使用范围从旧石器时代中期(例如Abric Romaní)到历史时期(例如La Guinardera Nord)。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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