Antibiotic resistant pattern of bacteria in untreated hospital wastewaters from Offa Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study determined the prevalence and drug resistant patterns of bacteria isolated from untreated hospital wastewaters collected from selected hospitals in Offa Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 42 composite samples were aseptically collected, transported and analyzed for enumeration of microorganisms, bacteriological identification and susceptibility testing following standard procedures. The Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates of each site location was equally taken and data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The means bacterial count population of wet season samples ranged between 7±4.00 × 10 5 and 150±43.59 × (10 5 cfu/ml), while that of dry season samples ranged between 10±2.00 × 10 5 and 225±67.27 × 10 5 cfu/ml. Among the total samples, 50 bacterial isolates were detected, of which 26(52%) were from wet season samples and 24(48%) were from dry season samples. The most frequently isolated bacteria from wet season samples was Alcaligenes faecalis 17(65.4%) followed by Alcaligenes aquatilis 5(19.2%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus 4(15.4%). Findings from antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates indicated that ofloxacin (OFL) demonstrated highest antimicrobial potency against the test isolates, with Zone inhibition diameters (mm) (resistant ≤12, intermediate 13-15 and susceptible ≥ 16). Thus, hospital wastewater should be treated before discharge to prevent infectious diseases.