Blood Lead Level in Opium Abuse; Which Is More Dangerous? Opium Smoking or Opium Ingestion?

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI:10.22038/APJMT.2019.14806

N. Rezaei, Pouyan Alinia, A. Aghabiklooei, S. Izadi

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Background: During the recent years, risk of lead poisoning has increased in Iranian’s opium users. A few researches showed that the most common route was ingestion of lead contaminated opium in these patients. However, data on lead poisoning through inhalation route in opium smokers is scarce. The aim of the current study was to determine lead poisoning in opium smokers. Method: In this case-controlled study, blood lead level (BLL) and clinical lead poisoning were assessed and compared between pure inhalational and pure ingestionally chronic opium users and healthy controls. Results: There were totally 90 cases, 30 patients in each group (pure inhaler opium users, pure oral opium users, and control group). In chronic opium users (case group), mean age of the patients was 48.91±13.14 yeas (range; 22 to 79 years). Eighty-four (85%) patients were male (male to female ratio: 5.6/1). Mean BLL was 10.6±4.2 and 126.1±52µg/dL in opium smokers and ingestional users, respectively (P=0.001). The mean of BLL in healthy control group was 4.78 µg/dL±1.83. Conclusion: In contrast to chronic ingestion of opium, the probability of absorption of lead via lungs is low when opium used by smoking and inhalation route. So, lead toxicity is not common in acute or chronic inhalational users of lead-contaminated opium.

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鸦片滥用者血铅水平的研究哪个更危险?吸食鸦片还是吸食鸦片?

背景：近年来，伊朗鸦片使用者铅中毒的风险有所增加。一些研究表明，这些患者最常见的途径是摄入铅污染的鸦片。然而，关于鸦片吸烟者通过吸入途径铅中毒的数据很少。本研究的目的是确定鸦片吸烟者的铅中毒。方法：在本病例对照研究中，评估并比较纯吸入和纯摄入慢性鸦片使用者与健康对照组的血铅水平（BLL）和临床铅中毒。结果：共90例，每组30例（纯吸入器鸦片使用者、纯口服鸦片使用者和对照组）。在慢性鸦片使用者（病例组）中，患者的平均年龄为48.91±13.14岁（范围：22-79岁）。84名（85%）患者为男性（男女比例：5.6/1）。鸦片吸烟者和摄入者的平均BLL分别为10.6±4.2和126.1±52µg/dL（P=0.001）。健康对照组的平均BLL为4.78µg/dL±1.83。结论：与长期摄入鸦片相比，吸烟和吸入鸦片对铅的肺部吸收概率较低。因此，铅中毒在急性或慢性吸入铅污染鸦片的使用者中并不常见。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology (APJMT) aims to expand the knowledge of medical toxicology and tries to provide reliable information in this field for medical and healthcare professionals. APJMT mainly focuses on research related to medical toxicology issues in the Asia Pacific region and publishes articles on clinical and epidemiological aspects of toxicology, poisonings emergency care, addiction, drug interactions and adverse effects. The journal accepts and welcomes high quality papers in the form of original articles and rarely review articles, case reports and scientific letters relevant to medical practice in toxicology.